Molecular specification of the pre-placodal ectoderm

前基板外胚层的分子规格

• 批准号: 0817902
• 负责人: Sally Moody
• 金额: $ 40.39万
• 依托单位: George Washington University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-07-15 至 2012-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0817902&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Molecular; specification; pre; placodal; ectoderm

Sally A. Moody, Ph.D.Proposal# IOS-0817902"Molecular specification of the pre-placodal ectoderm."The "ectoderm" of the vertebrate embryo is initially patterned into four domains: epidermis (skin), neural plate (the precursor of the central nervous system), neural crest (a precursor of the peripheral nervous system) and pre-placodal ectoderm (the precursor of several sensory organs in the head). In particular, the pre-placodal ectoderm gives rise to the olfactory and auditory systems, the lens of the eye, numerous sensory neurons in the head and the lateral line organ in fish and amphibians. Although the developmental mechanisms that regulate the formation of the neural plate, neural crest and epidermis have been studied extensively, very little is known about the development of the pre-placodal ectoderm. This proposal will elucidate the molecular interactions that: 1) induce the formation of the pre-placodal ectoderm; and 2) establish and maintain the boundaries between the four ectodermal domains as the head develops. Although these early steps of placode development have been overlooked in mutant mouse studies, perhaps because they occur very early when rodent embryos are especially fragile, they are particularly amenable to study in Xenopus frogs because of easy access to the early developmental stages and wealth of available molecular and embryological tools. The proposed studies will provide important new knowledge about the genes and tissue interactions that establish this important ectodermal domain, and is expected to elucidate the genetic and evolutionary changes that have occurred in these structures across vertebrates. In terms of Broader Impacts, because the Xenopus system allows one to visualize and manipulate gene expression without extensive technical expertise, the experimental approaches can be taught to high school, undergraduate and graduate students and thereby provide an outstanding learning experience for students interested in exploring a career in science.

莎莉·A Moody，Ph.D.提案编号IOS-0817902“前基板外胚层的分子质量标准。脊椎动物胚胎的“外胚层”最初分为四个区域：表皮（皮肤）、神经板（中枢神经系统的前身）、神经嵴（周围神经系统的前身）和前基板外胚层（头部几个感觉器官的前身）。特别地，前基板外胚层产生嗅觉和听觉系统、眼睛的透镜、头部中的许多感觉神经元以及鱼类和两栖动物的侧线器官。 虽然调节神经板、神经嵴和表皮形成的发育机制已被广泛研究，但对前基板外胚层的发育知之甚少。该提议将阐明分子相互作用：1）诱导前基板外胚层的形成; 2）随着头部发育，建立并维持四个外胚层结构域之间的边界。虽然这些基板发展的早期步骤已被忽视的突变小鼠的研究，也许是因为它们发生得很早，当啮齿动物胚胎是特别脆弱的，他们是特别适合在爪蟾蛙的研究，因为容易进入早期发育阶段和丰富的可用的分子和胚胎学工具。 拟议的研究将提供有关建立这一重要外胚层结构域的基因和组织相互作用的重要新知识，并有望阐明脊椎动物这些结构中发生的遗传和进化变化。就更广泛的影响而言，由于爪蟾系统允许人们在没有广泛的技术专业知识的情况下可视化和操纵基因表达，因此实验方法可以教授给高中生，本科生和研究生，从而为有兴趣探索科学事业的学生提供出色的学习体验。