Testing methods for direct measurement of particle settling velocities and fluxes in the sea

直接测量海洋中颗粒沉降速度和通量的试验方法

• 批准号: 0825439
• 负责人: David Black
• 金额: $ 15.76万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Stony Brook
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-08-15 至 2010-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0825439&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Testing; methods; direct; measurement; particle

Sediment traps are widely used to quantify vertical fluxes of material and to collect sinking particulate organic matter (POM) for chemical analyses. They have provided proof of spatial, episodic, seasonal, and interannual fluxes of POM through the water column, have linked variability in surface water processes to fluxes in the interior of the ocean and to the sea floor, and have shown that intense remineralization and alteration affects POM in the water column. In this project, researchers at the State University of New York at Stony Brook will modify a settling velocity trap developed recently as part of the MedFlux Program by installing cameras above and below the rotating ball valve to monitor particle settling rates as they fall into the trap and after the ball rotation. These measurements should allow them to unequivocally determine whether particles are combining on the ball to produce artificially-high settling velocities, or if the previous settling velocity estimates are truly robust.Broader Impacts: Testing and development of the settling velocity traps will ideally allow for in situ measurements of particle settling rates that in turn provide critical constraints on elemental cycling within the water column. Collected samples will also allow assessment of the relative importance of various ballast materials (e.g., carbonate, opal, etc.). While the trap development is important to our understanding of the biological pump, the ability to better understand carbon fluxes also has a direct impact on larger societal issues such as CO2 concentrations in both the oceans and the atmosphere.

沉积物陷阱被广泛用于量化材料的垂直通量并收集颗粒有机物（POM）进行化学分析。他们提供了POM通过水柱的空间，发作，季节性和年度通量的证明，其地表水过程的变异性与海洋内部和海底的通量联系在一起，并表明了这种强烈的回忆和变化影响了水柱中的POM。 在该项目中，纽约州立大学Stony Brook大学的研究人员将通过在旋转球阀上方和下方安装摄像机，以监测粒子沉降速率，因为它们掉入陷阱和旋转后，将修改最近开发的定居速度陷阱作为MEDFLUX程序的一部分。 These measurements should allow them to unequivocally determine whether particles are combining on the ball to produce artificially-high settling velocities, or if the previous settling velocity estimates are truly robust.Broader Impacts: Testing and development of the settling velocity traps will ideally allow for in situ measurements of particle settling rates that in turn provide critical constraints on elemental cycling within the water column.收集的样品还将允许评估各种压载材料（例如碳酸盐，蛋白石等）的相对重要性。 虽然陷阱的发展对于我们对生物泵的理解很重要，但更好地了解碳通量的能力也会直接影响更大的社会问题，例如海洋和大气中的二氧化碳浓度。