Nuclear Nano-Engineering

核纳米工程

• 批准号: 0826289
• 负责人: Kevin Peng Chen
• 金额: $ 36万
• 依托单位: University of Pittsburgh
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-15 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0826289&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Nuclear; Nano; Engineering

In the last two decades, the nanotechnology revolution has led to a number of new materials, novel processing techniques, and complex nano-systems with extraordinary functionalities. This program will push nanotechnology into new frontiers in nuclear engineering. It explores interdisciplinary research opportunities that bridge nuclear engineering and nanotechnology. Novel nano-materials and nano-structures will be used to develop new means of harnessing nuclear energy and efficiently convert it into electric and optical energy. Long-life, miniaturized nuclear batteries will be developed to provide sustained ?ÝW-level power for support of mission-critical micro- and nano-systems. A contamination-free fabrication technique will be developed to monolithically integrate micro-scale radioactive isotopes with on-chip nano-devices. New devices for power generation and sensing will be explored for homeland security and biomedical applications. This program will also leverage recent advances in novel nanostructures for the detection of radioactive materials. This interdisciplinary research, fusing nanotechnology and nuclear engineering, will spark new opportunities in their respective areas of science and technology. Isotope micro-power sources will dramatically improve the operational life of micro- and nano- systems used for unattended applications, which span remote exploration, unmanned military operations and implanted devices. The chip-scale development of micro-isotope sources will enable detailed studies of radiation effects at the cellular level. This may lead to improved cancer treatment using radiation therapy. The use of novel nano-structures promises to speed the development of high-sensitivity radiation detectors for homeland security and for environmental protection. The proposed education efforts will offer students a refreshing perspective that bridges the small nano-world with giant nuclear power plants.

在过去的二十年里，纳米技术革命催生了许多新材料、新的加工技术和具有非凡功能的复杂纳米系统。这项计划将把纳米技术推向核工程的新领域。它探索了连接核工程和纳米技术的跨学科研究机会。新型纳米材料和纳米结构将被用于开发利用核能的新方法，并将其高效地转化为电能和光能。将开发长寿命、小型化的核电池，为关键任务的微纳系统提供持续的W级功率。一种无污染的制造技术将被开发出来，将微米级放射性同位素与芯片上的纳米器件单片集成。将为国土安全和生物医学应用探索新的发电和传感设备。该计划还将利用新型纳米结构的最新进展来检测放射性材料。这种融合了纳米技术和核工程的跨学科研究，将在各自的科学和技术领域引发新的机遇。同位素微电源将极大地延长用于无人值守应用的微纳系统的运行寿命，这些应用涵盖远程勘探、无人军事行动和植入式设备。微型同位素源的芯片规模开发将使在细胞层面上详细研究辐射效应成为可能。这可能会导致使用放射疗法改善癌症治疗。新型纳米结构的使用有望加快高灵敏度辐射探测器的发展，用于国土安全和环境保护。拟议中的教育努力将为学生提供一个令人耳目一新的视角，将小型纳米世界与大型核电站连接起来。