Biofuels and the Hydrologic Cycle

生物燃料和水文循环

• 批准号: 0829023
• 负责人: Robert Anex
• 金额: $ 30.79万
• 依托单位: Iowa State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-08-15 至 2011-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0829023&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Biofuels; Hydrologic; Cycle

CBET-0829023R. Anex, Iowa State UniversityAs the U.S is embarking on a dramatic increase in biofuel production, a series of studies have raised questions about the environmental impacts and sustainability of biomass feedstock production due to concerns about water use, soil erosion, nutrient transport, and greenhouse gas emissions. The focus of this interdisciplinary project is on modeling the interplay of land use, climate change, and the environment in future biofuel production systems. Understanding the role of biofuels in the water cycle is key to understanding many of the environmental impacts of biofuels. This research will address impacts of alterations in the hydrologic cycle driven by biomass feedstock production, such as changes in yield reliability, soil erosion, stream flow, and stream flow reliability. Water-driven environmental impacts of biofuel production scenarios will be assessed using a set of interconnected models. The MM5 climate simulation and Noah land surface model will be used to predict interactions between weather patterns and biofuel feedstock cropping patterns. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) will be used to analyze impacts on nutrient and sediment transport and surface water quality in the Upper Mississippi River Basin using weather scenarios produced by the MM5/Noah system. The Iowa Daily Erosion Project (IDEP) model will also use MM5 outputs to predict erosion across Iowa at the field scale. The integration of these highly developed models will provide new insight into dynamic interactions through the hydrologic cycle as influenced by human manipulation of the landscape and climate-soil-vegetation dynamics of the system. The project includes four activities designed to increase diversity and learning at different levels of education. These activities are: mentoring undergraduate summer interns from the Iowa AGEP program for underrepresented minorities; mentoring of undergraduate research associates recruited through the Program for Women in Science and Engineering; developing and implementing an inquiry-based learning activity based on biofuels and the hydrologic cycle; and mentoring graduate students.

CBET-0829023R。 Anex，爱荷华州立大学随着美国开始大幅增加生物燃料生产，由于对水的利用、土壤侵蚀、养分输送和温室气体排放的担忧，一系列研究提出了关于生物质原料生产的环境影响和可持续性的问题。 这个跨学科项目的重点是对未来生物燃料生产系统中土地利用、气候变化和环境的相互作用进行建模。 了解生物燃料在水循环中的作用是了解生物燃料对环境的许多影响的关键。 这项研究将解决生物质原料生产驱动的水文循环变化的影响，例如产量可靠性、土壤侵蚀、溪流和溪流可靠性的变化。 将使用一组相互关联的模型来评估生物燃料生产情景中水驱动的环境影响。 MM5气候模拟和Noah陆地表面模型将用于预测天气模式和生物燃料原料种植模式之间的相互作用。 土壤和水评估工具 (SWAT) 将利用 MM5/Noah 系统生成的天气情景来分析对密西西比河流域上游的养分和沉积物输送以及地表水质的影响。 爱荷华州每日侵蚀项目 (IDEP) 模型还将使用 MM5 输出来预测爱荷华州现场规模的侵蚀。 这些高度发达的模型的整合将为人类对景观和系统气候-土壤-植被动态的影响所影响的水文循环中的动态相互作用提供新的见解。 该项目包括四项旨在增加不同层次教育的多样性和学习的活动。 这些活动包括： 指导来自爱荷华州 AGEP 计划中代表性不足的少数族裔的本科生暑期实习生；指导通过科学与工程领域女性计划招募的本科生研究员；制定和实施基于生物燃料和水文循环的探究式学习活动；并指导研究生。