Astronomical Studies with the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory

加州理工学院亚毫米波天文台采用了一个精密的10.4米直径的望远镜，在一个圆顶内观察天空的亚毫米波波长。 该奖项将在未来三年继续资助天文台的运营，工作人员和学生的支持，以及仪器的开发。 研究领域将包括研究遥远的原始星系中的分子气体和尘埃，使用功能强大的新型测辐射热计照相机对恒星形成云进行大规模成像，以及观察Sunyaev-Zeldovich对宇宙微波背景的影响。 将开发仪器以提高整个系统的灵敏度和绘图速度。 CSO培训了许多本科生，研究生和博士后研究员，在观测科学和仪器开发方面。 相当一部分的望远镜时间分配给学生，无论是在加州理工学院和其他机构;总体而言，超过50%的望远镜使用是由加州理工学院以外的天文学家。 CSO在天文接收器和测辐射热计技术方面的开创性研究值得注意，该技术在国内和世界各地的许多其他天文台使用。 一个新的测辐射热相机系统的基础上微波动力感应装置（MKID）将开发和使用的望远镜在此期间的奖励。

The Caltech Submillimeter Observatory employs a precision 10.4-meter-diameter telescope operating within a dome to observe the sky at submillimeter wavelengths. This award will continue funding for the next three years for observatory operations, staff and student support, and for instrumentation development. Areas of research will include studies of molecular gas and dust in distant primeval galaxies, large-scale imaging of star-forming clouds using powerful new bolometer cameras, and observations of the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect on the cosmic microwave background. Instrumentation will be developed to increase overall system sensitivity and mapping speed. The CSO trains many undergraduate students, graduate students and postdoctoral fellows, in both observational science and instrumentation development. A considerable fraction of telescope time is allocated to students, both at Caltech and at other institutions; overall, more than 50% of telescope usage is by astronomers from outside of Caltech. The CSO is noteworthy for its pioneering research in astronomical receiver and bolometer technology, which is used at many other observatories both national and worldwide. A new bolometer camera system based on Microwave Kinetic Induction Devices (MKIDs) will be developed and used on the telescope during this award period.