Energy-optimal torque control and dimensioning of high dynamic induction moor drives under consideration of transient skin effect

为了提高生产率，现代功率变流器驱动的交流传动系统需要高扭矩动态特性。然而，转矩的快速变化要求绕组电流相应地快速变化，这导致鼠笼式电机转子条中的暂态集肤效应的刺激。集肤效应又会导致额外的转子绕组损耗，特别是在快速负载循环期间，导致转子温度升高，从而导致过热问题。此外，瞬时集肤效应影响了两种应用最广泛的控制方法(FOC和DTC)的控制品质。瞬时集肤效应导致转子参数发生动态变化。任何与实际机器参数的偏差都会导致不正确的解耦计算和不正确的磁通角估计。这种瞬时集肤效应的典型例子是造纸机中的横切机传动装置、轧钢厂中的剪切机传动装置以及汽车工业中的试验台传动装置。工程实践表明，通过采用高能效的高动态转矩控制和改进的转子几何结构，可以有效地降低由瞬时集肤效应引起的附加转子损耗。同时，感应电机的机械动力学和其他运行特性也不会受到负面影响。可以看出，一方面通过对转子棒中的暂态集肤效应进行精确建模，另一方面通过在线参数辨识方法对转子参数进行实时跟踪，改善了控制品质。在进一步的工作中，理论知识还有待于实验验证。同时，本课题理论中的最后一个空白应该通过转子时间常数的在线参数辨识和两个重要目标变量(瞬时集肤效应损失和转动惯量)的帕累托最优来总结。

A high torque dynamic is demanded in modern power converter powered AC drives for a high productivity. The rapid change of torque, however, requires a correspondingly rapid change of the winding currents, which leads to stimulation of transient skin effect in the rotor bars of squirrel-cage motors. The skin effect, in turn, results in the additional rotor winding losses especially during fast load cycles, an increase of temperature in rotor, and therefore, overheating problems. In addition, the transient skin effect affects the control quality of the two most widely used control methods (FOC and DTC). The transient skin effect leads to a dynamic change in the rotor parameters. Any deviation from the real machine parameters leads to an incorrect calculation of the decoupling and to an incorrect estimation of the flux angle. Representative examples of such transient skin effect are the cross cutter drives in paper machines, the shears in rolling mills and the test bench drives in the automotive industry. During the project, it was shown that the additional rotor losses caused by the transient skin effect can be effectively reduced by means of an energy-efficient high-dynamic torque control and by an improved rotor geometry. At the same time, the machine dynamics and the other operating characteristics of the induction motor are not negatively affected. It could still be shown that the control quality is improved on the one hand by the exact modeling of the transient skin effect in the rotor bars and on the other hand by the real-time tracking of the rotor parameters by means of on-line parameter identification methods. In the further work, the theoretically gained knowledge should be tested experimentally. In parallel, the last gap in the theory of this topic should be concluded by the online parameter identification of the rotor time constant and the Pareto Optimum for the two important target variables (transient skin effect losses and moment of inertia).