CAREER: The Receiver Psychology of Acoustic Communication Networks

职业：声学通信网络的接收者心理学

• 批准号: 0842759
• 负责人: Mark Bee
• 金额: $ 60万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-07-15 至 2014-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0842759&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Receiver; Psychology; Acoustic; Communication

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).In humans and other animals, acoustic communication often takes place in large social groups or "networks" comprising multiple signalers and receivers. In such environments, the background noise generated by simultaneously signaling individuals can impair or "mask" the perception of signals by intended receivers. Auditory masking, in turn, can lead to communication errors. In humans, such errors commonly lead to the misunderstanding of speech in noisy social settings. This project tests the hypothesis that receivers possess psychological mechanisms that function to ameliorate the negative impacts of masking noise by exploiting predictable features of the noise itself. This hypothesis will be tested using frog communication as a model. During their breeding season, male frogs aggregate in choruses and produce loud advertisement calls to attract females. The objectives of the project are to understand how female frogs exploit acoustic features of the noise of a chorus (i) to better recognize the mating calls of their own species, (ii) to discriminate among the calls of their own species and different species, and (iii) to discriminate between preferred and non-preferred males of their own species. The project integrates current paradigms in animal behavior and hearing research and could transform the way research on receiver psychology and communication networks informs the study of human hearing, speech perception, and auditory neuroscience. More broadly, the project will engage the public in the process of scientific inquiry and discovery through the development of a new multi-media exhibit on frogs at a natural history museum and the involvement of citizen scientists in the collection of raw data. The project will also enhance undergraduate and graduate education by developing new project-based learning exercises, a writing-enriched curriculum, and by training graduate students from multiple underrepresented groups in science.

该奖项是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法111-5）资助的。在人类和其他动物中，声音通信通常发生在由多个信号发送者和接收者组成的大型社会群体或“网络”中。在这样的环境中，同时发出信号的个体产生的背景噪声会损害或“掩盖”预期接收者对信号的感知。听觉掩蔽反过来又会导致沟通错误。在人类中，这种错误通常会导致在嘈杂的社会环境中对言语的误解。这个项目测试了一个假设，即接受者拥有心理机制，通过利用噪音本身的可预测特征来改善掩蔽噪音的负面影响。这一假设将以青蛙的交流为模型进行检验。在繁殖季节，雄性青蛙聚集在一起合唱，并发出响亮的广告叫声来吸引雌性。该项目的目标是了解雌性青蛙如何利用合唱噪音的声学特征(i)更好地识别自己物种的交配叫声，（ii）区分自己物种和其他物种的叫声，以及（iii）区分自己物种的偏好和非偏好雄性。该项目整合了动物行为和听力研究的当前范式，并可能改变接受者心理学和交流网络研究的方式，为人类听力、言语感知和听觉神经科学的研究提供信息。更广泛地说，该计划将通过在自然历史博物馆开发一个新的多媒体青蛙展览，以及让公民科学家参与收集原始数据，让公众参与科学探究和发现的过程。该项目还将通过开发新的基于项目的学习练习、丰富写作的课程以及培训来自多个未被充分代表的科学群体的研究生来加强本科和研究生教育。