Collaborative Research: Eco-geomorphic coupling: Vegetation transition and sedimentary responses to faulting

合作研究：生态地貌耦合：植被转变和断层沉积响应

• 批准号: 0844357
• 负责人: Rusty Feagin
• 金额: $ 11.34万
• 依托单位: Texas A&M AgriLife Research
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-01 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0844357&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Eco; geomorphic; coupling

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).The ability of coastal wetlands to survive accelerated sea level rise is a critically important and open question. Coastal marshes, which are dominated by the marsh grass Spartina alterniflora, build the land vertically (accrete) through a combination of ecological, geological and hydrological processes. The U.S. Gulf Coast has numerous growth faults, where the sinking or subsidence of the land surface can be accelerated relative to other coastal areas. Contrasts in the rate of subsidence across these growth faults will result in spatially-identifiable effects on marsh vegetation and on the rate of relative sea level rise. The central hypothesis of this project is that the amount of accretion and vegetative change of Spartina alterniflora wetlands is directly related to the amount of fault displacement. The project will be centered at an established field research station in Matagorda Bay, Texas, where an active, known growth fault bisects a Spartina alterniflora marsh. The field site will be intensively studied using field surveys, the Global Positioning System (GPS), aerial LIght Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) data sets, and tidal gauge cross-referencing to document ongoing elevation changes due to fault displacement; litho- and biostratigraphic methods, combined with paleo-sea level estimates, and radio-carbon (14-C) to provide a historical, geologic context for fault displacement and sea level change; Rod Sediment Elevation Tables (RSET) to directly measure contemporary rates of erosion and accretion; fallout radionuclides (7-Be, 137-Cs, 210-Pb) to provide historical data on sediment accumulation and chronology; and remote sensing imagery and field vegetative inventories, which will provide information on plant community transitions. This project has both national and global implications for managing the productivity of fisheries, documenting the rates of coastal erosion, and developing land-use policies in coastal environments. The ability to determine the contemporary and historical relationships between variable rates of marsh subsidence, accretion and/or erosion, sediment supply, and ecosystem sustainability in terms of relative sea level fluctuation will aid in projecting changes for the future and developing effective adaptation strategies. This project will integrate research, professional training, public outreach and education by the participation of graduate, undergraduate, and K-12 students from the Gulf Coast region.

该奖项是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法111-5）资助的。沿海湿地在海平面加速上升中生存的能力是一个至关重要和开放的问题。沿海沼泽，这是占主导地位的沼泽草互花米草，建立土地垂直（共生）通过生态，地质和水文过程的组合。美国墨西哥湾沿岸有许多生长断层，相对于其他沿海地区，陆地表面的下沉或沉降可能会加速。这些生长断层之间沉降速率的差异将对沼泽植被和相对海平面上升速率产生空间上可识别的影响。该项目的中心假设是互花米草湿地的加积和植被变化量与断层位移量直接相关。该项目将集中在德克萨斯州马塔戈尔达湾的一个已建立的野外研究站，那里有一个活跃的已知生长断层将互花米草沼泽一分为二。将利用实地调查、全球定位系统、航空光探测和测距数据集以及潮汐测量仪相互参照，对实地进行深入研究，以记录断层位移造成的持续海拔变化;岩石和生物地层学方法，结合古海平面估计和放射性碳（14-C），断层位移和海平面变化的地质背景;用于直接测量当代侵蚀和堆积速率的棒状沉积物高程表（RSET）;沉降放射性核素（7-Be、137-Cs、210-Pb），以提供沉积物积累和年代学方面的历史数据;以及遥感图像和实地植被调查，这将提供关于植物群落过渡的信息。该项目对管理渔业生产力、记录海岸侵蚀率和制定沿海环境土地使用政策具有国家和全球影响。确定沼泽沉降、增生和/或侵蚀、沉积物供应和相对海平面波动方面的生态系统可持续性的可变速率之间的当代和历史关系的能力将有助于预测未来的变化并制定有效的适应策略。该项目将通过来自墨西哥湾沿岸地区的研究生，本科生和K-12学生的参与，整合研究，专业培训，公共宣传和教育。