CAREER: Stable Isotope Insights into Large-Volume Volcanic Eruptions

大量的火山活动对人类来说是一个跨越政治和国家边界的重大危险。同位素研究为火山活动的原因及其后果提供了重要的见解。需要与来自不同学科和不同国家的科学家和学生合作。火山活动确实是地球科学教育和外联活动中一个鼓舞人心的主题。这项建议使用微量分析稳定同位素技术来研究火山过程。计划开展的头两项研究活动涉及火山岩浆和玄武岩浆大规模喷发的起源，重点是黄石公园和冰岛，利用氧同位素分析来揭示含有大量来自大气沃茨的氧的岩浆体的起源和聚集。该研究计划采用了一种新的方法，即检查大规模火山爆发产物中的单晶氧同位素不均匀性和晶体分区，以推断晶体和岩浆的起源。第三个研究课题是利用火山爆发产生的硫酸盐中稀有的氧和硫同位素来研究这些火山爆发对气候的影响。该研究将在PI在俄勒冈州大学新建的最先进的稳定同位素实验室进行，该实验室是研究生，本科生和博士后学生之间的智力交流和发现中心，以及国际游客。教育组成部分与上述研究目标密切相关，包括在实验室课程中培训研究生和本科生，基于学习，夏季研究本科生和社区学院学生的参与，新课程的开发，以及促进美国，俄罗斯，法国和冰岛的研究生和本科生以及科学家之间的交流与合作。国际交流将涉及合作实验室访问，联合实地考察和国际学生招聘。PI组建了一个由研究生和本科生，博士后研究员，实验室技术人员组成的多元化研究小组，并建立了一个国内和国际合作者网络。该提案将提供长期支持，以维护实验室及其成员的分析基础设施，促进本科生和研究生的教育和指导，支持地球科学领域的女性，促进有意义的国际合作。此外，该提案将作为PI作为科学家和教育家发展的坚实基础，让来自区域教学学院的地球科学家参与研究，支持PI正在进行的外联活动，并将导致新的出版物和发现关于火山作用，其起源和对环境的影响的几个关键未回答的问题。

Large volume volcanism represents a significant hazard to mankind that crosses political and state boundaries. Isotopic studies provide important insights into the causes of volcanism and its aftermaths. Collaboration with scientists and students from different disciplines and in different countries is required. Volcanism is truly an inspirational topic in Geoscience education and outreach activities. This proposal uses microanalytical stable isotope techniques to study volcanic processes. The first two planned research activities address the origin of large-volume eruption of silicic and basaltic magmas with emphasis on Yellowstone and Iceland using oxygen isotope analysis to unravel the genesis and assembly of magma bodies that contain significant proportion of oxygen derived from meteoric waters. The research plan incorporates the novel approach of examining single-crystal oxygen isotopic heterogeneity and zoning of crystals in products of large-volume volcanic eruptions to infer the origin of crystals and magmas. The third research topic to be pursued deals with the climatic impacts of these eruptions by using rare isotopes of oxygen and sulfur in sulfate from volcanic eruptions. The research will be conducted in the newly constructed state-of-the-art stable isotope laboratory built by the PI at the University of Oregon that serves as a center for intellectual exchange and discovery between graduate, undergraduate, and postdoctoral students, as well as international visitors.The education components are closely intertwined with the research goals above and include training of graduate and undergraduate students in the course of lab-based learning, participation of summer research undergraduates and community college students, development of new courses, and promotion of exchanges and collaboration among graduate and undergraduate students and scientists in the USA, Russia, France, and Iceland. International exchange will involve collaborative lab visits, joint fieldwork, and international student hiring. The PI has assembled a diverse research group consisting of graduate and undergraduate students, a postdoctoral fellow, a lab technician, and has developed a network of domestic and international collaborators. This proposal will provide long-term support to maintain analytical infrastructure of the lab and its members, contribute to education and mentoring of undergraduate and graduate students, support women in geosciences, foster meaningful international collaborations. Additionally the proposal will serve as a firm foundation for the PI's development as scientist and educator, involve geoscientists from regional teaching colleges into research, support ongoing outreach activities of the PI, and will lead to new publications and discoveries on several key unanswered questions about volcanism, its origin, and impact on the environment.