Evidential Categories in Language and Cognition

语言和认知中的证据类别

• 批准号: 0848067
• 负责人: Anna Papafragou
• 金额: $ 24万
• 依托单位: University of Delaware
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-10-01 至 2016-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0848067&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Evidential; Categories; Language; Cognition

Humans routinely reason about the origin of their beliefs, for example, whether they found out about something through direct perception, communication or inference. Languages vary in the means they use to encode information sources. Some languages use lexical means (e.g., "I heard/figured out that John went to the concert") while other languages use grammatical markers. With support from the National Science Foundation, Dr. Papafragou will examine how children learning different languages acquire evidentiality, the linguistic encoding of information sources, and how the acquisition of evidentiality relates to non-linguistic reasoning about the origins and reliability of information. Another goal of the research project is to investigate whether cross-linguistic differences in the way evidentiality is encoded influence the non-linguistic representation of information sources. By comparing performance on linguistic and nonlinguistic tasks by speakers of different languages and across various child and adult groups, this research could reveal whether the way information sources are encoded in language affects nonlinguistic thinking. A unique feature of this research lies in the innovative and systematic comparison between aspects of linguistic and non-linguistic knowledge within a single domain. Early career researchers will get training in interdisciplinary research, including international data collection.

人类通常会推理他们信仰的起源，例如，他们是否通过直接感知，交流或推理发现了一些东西。语言在编码信息源的方式上各不相同。一些语言使用词汇手段（例如，“I heard/figured out that John went to the concert”），而其他语言则使用语法标记。Papafragou将研究学习不同语言的儿童如何获得证据，信息源的语言编码，以及证据的获得如何与信息来源和可靠性的非语言推理有关。该研究项目的另一个目标是调查是否跨语言的差异，在证据编码的方式影响信息源的非语言表征。通过比较不同语言的使用者以及不同儿童和成人群体在语言和非语言任务上的表现，本研究可以揭示信息源在语言中编码的方式是否会影响非语言思维。本研究的一个独特之处在于在一个单一的领域内的语言和非语言知识方面的创新和系统的比较。早期职业研究人员将获得跨学科研究的培训，包括国际数据收集。