SGER: Whole Air Sampling with Advanced Whole Air Sampler (AWAS) during HIAPER Pole-to-Pole Observation (HIPPO) Global

在HIAPER极对极观测（HIPPO）项目的第一年，研究人员将收集整个空气样本并测量微量气体成分。这里提出的测量有望提供一套前所未有的数据集，用于研究与大气化学和气候有关的各种微量气体的垂直和纬度分布。测量将包括范围广泛的具有一系列化学寿命和排放源模式的人为和自然产生的微量气体。HIPPO项目第一年的测量将覆盖北半球冬季（1月）和秋季（10月/ 11月）时间段，这两个时间段是半球间反应性微量气体光化学寿命反差最大的时间段。来自这些样本（以及NOAA烧瓶样本）的微量气体分布和相关性将通过深入了解HIPPO样带中采样的气团的来源区域和化学处理过程，加强对主要碳循环气体的解释。此外，对整个空气采样器中痕量气体的测量将对HIPPO分析中使用的全球化学输送模型增加额外和重要的限制，并将增加与了解远程大气中空气质量变化有关的测量。最后，拟议的研究将比较新建的HAIS先进全空气采样器（AWAS）罐模块与NOAA玻璃烧瓶对选定的卤代烃、氟氯烃、HCFCs和hfc，将提高HIPPO全空气数据集对这些气体的地理分辨率，并将化合物的范围扩展到额外的自然和人为微量气体。作为HIPPO期间测量的主要碳循环气体的补充，这里计划测量的一系列微量气体将有助于了解温室气体和碳循环气体以及大气中其他重要微量气体之间的关系。这些关系和分布，例如表征有机溴化合物的半球分布，将把选定地点的地面测量与太平洋上空的整个大气联系起来。这一联系将促进全球大气化学模式的发展，以便更好地预测未来的大气化学分布。该项目还支持开发HAIS仪器作为社区资源，直接与NOAA全球网络中常用的NOAA烧瓶进行比较。最后，HIPPO项目和我们提出的测量方法将涉及对学生和博士后科学家的培训，该项目将促进大气化学和环境科学研究生和本科生课程的发展。

The investigators will collect whole air samples and measure trace gas composition during the first year of the HIAPER Pole-to-Pole Observation (HIPPO) project. The measurements proposed here promise to provide an unprecedented data set of the vertical and latitudinal distributions of a wide range of trace gases that are relevant to atmospheric chemistry and climate. The measurements will include a wide range of anthropogenic and naturally-occurring trace gases with a range of chemical lifetimes and emission source patterns. The measurements during the first year of the HIPPO project will cover the northern hemisphere winter (January) and autumn (Oct/Nov) time periods, when there is maximum contrast in photochemical lifetimes of reactive trace gases between the hemispheres. The trace gas distributions and correlations from these samples (and from the NOAA flask samples) will enhance the interpretation of the major carbon cycle gases by adding insight into source regions and chemical processing of the air masses sampled in the HIPPO transects. Further, the measurement of trace gases from the whole air samplers will add additional and significant constraints to the global chemical transport models that will be used in the HIPPO analyses and will add measurements relevant to understanding changes in air quality in the remote atmosphere. Finally, the proposed research will compare the newly-constructed HAIS Advanced Whole Air Sampler (AWAS) canister modules with NOAA glass flasks for selected halocarbons, CFCs, HCFCs, and HFCs, will enhance the geographic resolution of the HIPPO whole air data set for these gases, and will extend the range of compounds to additional natural and anthropogenic trace gases.The measurement of the suite of trace gases planned here, as a complement to the major carbon cycle gases measured during HIPPO, will add to the understanding of the relationships between greenhouse and carbon cycle gases and other significant trace gases in the atmosphere. These relationships and distributions, for example characterizing the hemispheric distribution of organic bromine compounds, will link ground based measurements as selected sites to the full atmosphere over the Pacific Ocean. This link will enhance the development of global atmospheric chemistry models to better predict atmospheric chemical distributions in the future. The project also supports the development of a HAIS instrument as a community resource by direct comparison to NOAA flasks commonly used throughout the NOAA global network. Finally, the HIPPO project, and out proposed measurements, will involve training of students and post-doctoral scientists, and the project will add to the development of graduate and undergraduate courses in atmospheric chemistry and environmental science.