Studies of Organic Nitrate Concentration, Composition, and Variation in the Troposphere

本研究项目涉及烷基化的研究 硝酸盐和其他有机硝酸盐物种在对流层。 烷基硝酸酯是羟基自由基引发的产物 在下列氧化物存在下的烃氧化 氮气 其它有机硝酸盐由烯烃形成， 羰基化合物和生物源碳氢化合物在氧化时 氮氧化物的存在。 因为其潜在 对活性氮预算的贡献，并且由于 它们对对流层臭氧化学的重要性， 需要信息来了解来源，组成， 浓度和运输的有机硝酸盐在全球 对流层 该研究计划包括实验室和现场 选择有机硝酸盐化合物的研究。 实验室研究将改进分析方法， 检查测试系统中碳氢化合物的反应。 领域 该计划旨在准确测量一套有机 受间歇性空气输入影响的偏远地点的硝酸盐 含有一次和二次有机排放物的质量。 的 地点包括北极的一个站，在北大西洋， 在美国大陆。 由于这些网站有活跃的 大气化学研究已经开始， 测量可以与大范围的大气 化学过程。 浓度测量和 硝酸盐（和其他物种）的组成将与 有机硝酸盐形成的现有模型，来源， 运输 这些研究应该有助于加深对 氮/碳转化和活性碳的命运 全球大气中的氮。

This research project is concerned with the study of alkyl nitrates and other organic nitrate species in the troposphere. Alkyl nitrates are products of hydroxyl radical initiated hydrocarbon oxidation in the presence of the oxides of nitrogen. Other organic nitrates are formed from alkenes, carbonyls, and biogenic hydrocarbons when they are oxidized in the presence of nitrogen oxides. Because of their potential contribution to the reactive nitrogen budget, and because of their significance to tropospheric ozone chemistry, detailed information is required to understand the sources, composition, concentration, and transport of organic nitrates in the global troposphere. This research program includes laboratory and field investigations of selected organic nitrates compounds. Laboratory studies will improve analytical methodology and examine reactions of hydrocarbons in test systems. The field program is designed to accurately measure a suite of organic nitrates at remote sites subject to episodic inputs of air masses containing primary and secondary organic emissions. The sites include a station in the Arctic, in the North Atlantic, and in the continental US. Since these sites have active atmospheric chemistry studies already underway, the measurements can be related to a broad scope of atmospheric chemical processes. Measurements of the concentration and composition of nitrates (and other species) will be compared to existing models of organic nitrate formation, sources, and transport. These studies should help to refine understanding of nitrogen/carbon transformations and fate of reactive nitrogen in the global atmosphere.