Seismic Slip in Oceanic Lithosphere

大洋岩石圈中的地震滑移

• 批准号: 0850503
• 负责人: Rachel Abercrombie
• 金额: $ 39.4万
• 依托单位: Trustees of Boston University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-02-01 至 2015-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0850503&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Seismic; Slip; Oceanic; Lithosphere

Many earthquakes occur on a class of faults known as "strike-slip" or "transform" faults, of which the San Andreas Fault, which runs from the Gulf of California to Northern California, is the best known. Understanding the processes by which earthquakes occur on these faults is vital to mitigating the effects of earthquakes in places like California, but these processes are poorly understood, in part because most faults of this type are found in the sea floor. Two field studies, one on the East Pacific Rise, and the other on the Blanco Fracture Zone off the coast of California are underway, but there remains a global catalog of events elsewhere that have not been studied. This study of earthquakes on sea floor transform faults recorded since the advent of the global broadband seismic network in 1990 will establish new models of fault motions, slip distributions and stress drops to help define rupture dynamics and the factors that control seismicity on these strike-slip faults. Among the broader impacts of this study are its obvious relevance to understanding and mitigating earthquake hazards, and the fact that it supports a female scientist, and the training of a much-needed new earthquake seismologist.

许多地震都发生在一类称为“走滑”或“转换”断层的断层上，其中从加州湾延伸到北方加州的圣安德烈亚斯断层是最著名的。了解这些断层上发生地震的过程对于减轻加州等地地震的影响至关重要，但人们对这些过程知之甚少，部分原因是大多数此类断层都位于海底。两个实地研究，一个是关于东太平洋隆起，另一个是关于加州海岸外的布兰科断裂带，正在进行中，但仍然有一个全球性的其他地方的事件目录没有被研究。对1990年全球宽频带地震台网出现以来记录的海底转换断层上的地震进行的这项研究将建立断层运动、滑动分布和应力降的新模型，以帮助确定断裂动力学和控制这些走滑断层上地震活动的因素。这项研究的更广泛的影响之一是它与理解和减轻地震灾害的明显相关性，以及它支持女性科学家和培训急需的新地震地震学家的事实。