Rationally design bimetallic nanocatalysts for 1D nanomaterial synthesis

0854537 Lu，詹妮弗概述：一维纳米材料、纳米管和纳米线，提供了由径向量子限制产生的令人兴奋的特性。沿着轴线的微观尺度提供了一条内在的路径来“传达/显示”这些属性。尽管进展迅速，但在广受欢迎的应用和合成之间仍有相当大的差距。为了解决纳米技术实现过程中的长期障碍，我们提出了一个使用双金属纳米催化剂来实现可控合成的研究项目。通过系统地调整比例和化学组成来探索纳米催化剂与水蒸气前体之间的相互作用，可以合理地、连续地调整纳米催化剂的性质。提出了一种催化剂的设计指南，通过将材料的掺入与扩散和沉淀同步进行来增强选择性生长。我们将对一维纳米材料的生长进行严格的研究，以验证我们的中心假设-通过使用具有两个不同催化剂物种的双金属催化剂体系，通过调整溶解度和化合物形成趋势，可以实现纳米催化剂和蒸汽前驱体之间的协同作用。通过调节催化剂和助催化剂物种的摩尔比，可以合成性能不断变化的双金属纳米催化剂，首次实现了纳米催化剂在一维纳米材料生长中的系统研究。新型高对比度两嵌段共聚物将被用于合成双金属纳米催化剂。这些嵌段共聚物将在溶液中自组装形成胶束，而嵌段构成核心，能够隔离多种金属物种。将建立受控的自组装和金属隔离工艺，以产生化学成分可调的均匀的双金属纳米催化剂。在这些高度工程化的纳米催化剂系统的支持下，将对纳米催化剂在生长中的作用进行系统的研究，以揭开生长之谜。为了利用即将获得的可控合成，将直接制造一种新型的三维结构。这个新的和独特的平台的科学和技术意义将被探索。技术优势：创建任何类型的尺寸和组成可控的纳米催化剂的一般合成策略为利用催化气相沉积技术了解生长机理铺平了道路。对催化剂在生长过程中的作用的高度先进的知识将导致一种新的催化剂设计范式，显著提高一维纳米材料合成的可控性。所提出的嵌段共聚方法与IC制造完全兼容，可以很容易地在衬底上创建纳米催化剂阵列。由于能够产生小而高活性的纳米催化剂，极小的一维纳米材料可以直接在设备衬底上合成，以实现革命性的设备，例如用于能量收集的具有极高ZT的纳米线和作为生物致动器的超高灵敏度纳米线。拟议的新型3D构建块包含以3D配置平行排列的未受干扰的一维纳米材料，将启发新的设备概念。拟议工作的成功结果将极大地促进一维纳米科学和纳米技术的进步。我们在纳米催化剂和一维纳米材料合成方面的专业知识以及免费获得最先进的设备，为拟议的项目提供了坚实的科学基础和必要的基础设施。PI在两个领先的工业研究实验室(IBM和Agilent)工作了10年，积累的项目管理技能为开展这项跨学科研究提供了必要的成分。广泛影响：创建一个简单但强大的战略来创建纳米催化剂的影响将有助于更广泛的催化领域，例如生物质转化、温室气体分解和燃料电池中的氧气还原。一维纳米材料生长方面的先进知识不仅将指导现有的一维纳米材料的广泛可控合成，而且还将促进新材料体系的创建和新性能的发现。在该提案获得资金后，国际和平研究所将在位于默塞德的新开工的加州大学校园创建一个全新的纳米催化研究领域。将建立一个实验室模块，并将其纳入“MSE 126纳米制造”。通过纳米催化剂合成和一维纳米材料生长和表征的体验式过程，将激发学生对纳米科学和纳米技术的兴趣。PI将做出明确和协调的努力，通过积极招募少数族裔学生到她的实验室为他们的高级顶峰项目工作，以缩小教育差距。这一高度跨学科的研究项目将为本科生和研究生提供跨领域的培训，使他们做好走在科学和技术前沿的准备，并将激励其他人效仿。

0854537 Lu, Jennifer Overview: 1D nanomaterials, nanotubes and nanowires, offer exciting properties resulting from radial quantum confinement. The microscopic scale along the axis provides an intrinsic path to "communicate/manifest" these properties. Despite rapid progress, there is a considerable gap between sought-after applications and synthesis. To address this long-standing roadblock in the course of bringing nanotechnology to fruition, we are proposing a research project of using bimetallic nanocatalysts to achieve controllable synthesis. Nanocatalyst properties can be tuned rationally and continuously by stematically adjusting the ratio and chemical composition to probe the interaction between nanocatalysts and vapor precursors. A catalyst design guideline to enhance selective growth by synchronizing material incorporation with diffusion and precipitation will be set forth. A rigorous investigation of 1D nanomaterial growth will be conducted to test our central hypothesis - synergetic interaction between nanocatalysts and vapor precursors can be achieved by tailoring solubility and compound formation tendency using bimetallic catalyst systems with two distinct catalyst species. Bimetallic nanocatalysts with continuously varied properties will be synthesized by adjusting the molar ratio of catalyst and cocatalyst species, allowing a systematic study of nanocatalysts in 1D nanomaterial growth for the first time. New types of high-contrast diblock copolymers will be used to synthesize bimetallic nanocatalysts. These block copolymers will selfassemble in solution to form micelles with the block composing the core, capable of sequestering a wide range of metal species. Controlled self-assembly and metal sequestration processing will be established to yield uniform bimetallic nanocatalysts with tunable chemical composition. Empowered by these highly engineered nanocatalyst systems, a systematic investigation of the role of nanocatalysts in growth will be undertaken for unveiling the growth mystery. To harness controllable synthesis soon-to-be acquired a novel three-dimensional architecture will be directly fabricated. The scientific and technological significance of this new and unique platform will be explored.Technical Merits: A general synthetic strategy for creating nanocatalysts of any type with controlled size and composition paves a path for understanding the growth mechanisms using the catalytic vapor deposition techniques. The greatly advanced knowledge of catalyst functions in growth will culminate ina new catalyst design paradigm for significantly enhancing 1D nanomaterial synthesis controllability. The proposed block copolymer approach is fully compatible with IC fabrication, nanocatalyst arrays can be readily created on substrates. The ability to generate small and highly active nanocatalysts, extremely small 1D nanomaterials can be directly synthesized on device substrates for enabling revolutionary devices, such as nanowires with extremely high ZT for energy harvesting and ultrahigh sensitivity nanowires as bioactuators. The proposed novel 3D building block which contains undisturbed 1D nanomaterials arranged in parallel in a 3D configuration will inspire new device concepts. The successful outcome of the proposed work will greatly contribute to the advancement of 1D nanoscience and nanotechnology. Our expertise in nanocatalyst and 1D nanomaterial synthesis and free access to state-of-the-art equipment, provide a solid scientific foundation and necessary infrastructure for the proposed project. The PI's project management skills accrued over 10 years working in two leading industrial research Labs(IBM and Agilent) offer the necessary ingredients to conduct this interdisciplinary research.Broader Impact: The impact of creating a simple but powerful strategy to create nanocatalysts will contribute to the broader field of catalysis, e.g. biomass conversion, greenhouse gas decomposition and oxygen reduction in fuel cells. Greatly advanced knowledge in 1D nanomaterial growth will not only guide the controllable synthesis of a broad range of existing 1D nanomaterials but also will facilitate the creation of new material systems and the discovery of new properties as a consequence. Following the funding of the proposal, the PI will create a brand new research area in nanocatalysis at the newly commenced UC campus in Merced. A lab module will be set up and incorporated into "MSE 126 Nanofabrication". Through an experiential process with nanocatalyst synthesis and 1D nanomaterial growth and characterization, students' interest in nanoscience and nanotechnology will be stimulated. The PI will make an explicit and concerted effort to close the education gap by actively recruiting minority students to work in her lab for their senior capstone projects. This highly interdisciplinary research program will offer both undergraduate and graduate students training that cuts across fields and prepares them to be at the scientific and technological forefront and will inspire others to follow.