International Research Fellowship Program: The Impact of Adaptive Strategies of Below Ground Water and Biogeochemical Cycling and Their Thermody Namic Implications

国际研究奖学金计划：地下水和生物地球化学循环适应性策略的影响及其热力学影响

• 批准号: 0900556
• 负责人: Darren Drewry
• 金额: $ 11.12万
• 依托单位: Drewry Darren T
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-01-01 至 2011-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0900556&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: International; Research; Fellowship; Program; Impact

0900556DrewryThis award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).The International Research Fellowship Program enables U.S. scientists and engineers to conduct nine to twenty-four months of research abroad. The program's awards provide opportunities for joint research, and the use of unique or complementary facilities, expertise and experimental conditions abroad.This award will support an eighteen-month research fellowship by Dr. Darren T. Drewry to work with Dr. Axel Kleidon at Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry in Jena, Germany.Belowground processes play a critical role in hydrologic and carbon cycling on land. Root systems of vegetation have been shown to extend tens of meters into the soil to forage for moisture and nutrients that control plant growth and energy exchange with the atmosphere. The observed passive redistribution of moisture between dry and wet soil layers by root systems may provide an adaptive advantage under water-limited conditions. Tightly coupled to root function are biogeochemical processes, particularly microbial transformations of carbon and nitrogen from organic litter to inorganic minerals that are necessary for a variety of plant functions including photosynthesis. Vegetation modification of below-ground biogeochemical function can thus impact the long-term fitness and competitive advantage of the vegetation itself. Motivated by the need to enhance the predictive capabilities of state-of-the-art Earth-system models, several key ecohydrological and biogeochemical processes that govern ecosystem function and evolution are being incorporated into an existing dynamic global vegetation model. The vegetation model is capable of accounting for diversity in vegetation form and function within a simulation pixel. This allows for hypotheses centered on the role of root processes and their interactions with biogeochemical cycles on global vegetation dynamics and biodiversity to be tested over decadal or century timescales. Through coupling to a general circulation model, which simulates the global atmospheric flow and composition, an analysis of the sensitivity of atmospheric circulation patterns, and key variables such as the temporal and spatial distribution of precipitation, can be performed. The research conducted here has broad implications for fundamental questions about how vegetated land surfaces modulate the global hydrological and biogeochemical cycles, and hence global climate. This work will have practical implications for understanding the impacts of anthropogenic and natural landscape modification on global climate change.

0900556 Drewry该奖项是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法111-5）资助的。国际研究奖学金计划使美国科学家和工程师能够在国外进行9到24个月的研究。 该计划的奖项提供了联合研究的机会，以及使用独特或互补的设施，专业知识和国外的实验条件。德鲁里与德国耶拿马克斯普朗克生物地球化学研究所的阿克塞尔克莱登博士合作。地下过程在陆地上的水文和碳循环中起着关键作用。 植被的根系已经被证明可以延伸到土壤中数十米，以获取水分和营养，从而控制植物的生长和与大气的能量交换。 在水分有限的条件下，所观察到的被动再分配水分之间的干，湿土壤层的根系可能提供了一个适应性的优势。 与根系功能紧密相关的是土壤地球化学过程，特别是微生物将碳和氮从有机凋落物转化为无机矿物质，这是包括光合作用在内的各种植物功能所必需的。因此，植被对地下生物地球化学功能的改变可以影响植被本身的长期适应性和竞争优势。 由于需要提高最先进的地球系统模型的预测能力，一些关键的生态水文和地球化学过程，管理生态系统的功能和演变正在纳入现有的动态全球植被模型。 植被模型是能够占模拟像素内的植被形式和功能的多样性。 这使得假设集中在根过程的作用和它们的相互作用与地球化学循环对全球植被动态和生物多样性进行测试，在十年或世纪的时间尺度。 通过与模拟全球大气流动和组成的大气环流模式耦合，可以分析大气环流模式的敏感性以及降水的时空分布等关键变量。 在这里进行的研究具有广泛的影响的基本问题，植被的陆地表面如何调节全球水文和地球化学循环，从而全球气候。 这项工作将有实际意义，了解人类和自然景观改造对全球气候变化的影响。