RUI: Theoretical Investigation of CP Violation in Extensions of the Standard Model

RUI：标准模型扩展中 CP 破坏的理论研究

• 批准号: 0900914
• 负责人: Ken Kiers
• 金额: $ 9万
• 依托单位: Taylor University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-07-01 至 2012-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0900914&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; Theoretical; Investigation; CP; Violation

"This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5)."One of the strongest emphases in particle physics today is on searching for signals of "new physics", that is, physics beyond the Standard Model (SM). The next few years could witness important discoveries as the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) experimentalists map out physics at the TeV scale. Complementary searches for new physics (NP) are also underway at low energies, using indirect probes. Results from neutrino physics have already provided exciting hints regarding the structure of physics beyond the SM. Future neutrino experiments will continue to map out the masses, mixings and CP properties of neutrinos and to probe their essential nature (i.e., Majorana or Dirac). On another front, LHCb is expected to build on the precision B meson measurements made at Babar and Belle; a possible Super Flavor Factory could extend this reach, and would also make important contributions to tau and charm studies. Several of the low- and high-energy experiments are expected to employ CP-odd observables in the search for NP, since many extensions of the SM contain novel sources of CP violation. CP-odd observables can be useful discriminators between NP and SM effects; furthermore, such observables could help discern the structure of NP.The Principal Investigator will assess phenomenological effects of several extensions of the SM, concentrating on observables that are odd under CP. A complementary focus of the proposed work is expected to be the constraint, modification or generalization of various extensions of the SM. The proposed work will include emphases on both low- and high-energy processes. In the former case, the effects of new particles will be sought. In the latter, studies will be performed assuming that new particles could be produced on-shell in a collider environment. Specific projects include the calculation of rate asymmetries in chargino, stau and sbottom decays within supersymmetry, as well as investigations of top quark decays and certain B decays to vector-vector final states. Some of the broader impacts are that the proposed work will be useful to experimentalists as they begin to sift through large amounts of data searching for signals of NP.The direct involvement of several undergraduate students in the research will enhance the educational experiences of those students and will better prepare them for entrance into top graduate schools. The increased level of undergraduate research will also help the institution attract highly qualified undergraduate students to the physics program and will be particularly helpful in attracting more female and minority students, who are currently underrepresented in the physics program at Taylor.

“这项奖励是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法111-5）资助的。”当今粒子物理学最强调的是寻找“新物理学”的信号，即超越标准模型（SM）的物理学。在接下来的几年里，大型强子对撞机（LHC）的实验学家们将在TeV尺度上绘制出物理学的版图，届时我们将见证重要的发现。对新物理（NP）的补充搜索也在低能量下进行，使用间接探测器。中微子物理学的结果已经为超越SM的物理结构提供了令人兴奋的线索。未来的中微子实验将继续绘制出中微子的质量、混合和CP特性，并探索它们的本质（即马约拉纳或狄拉克）。另一方面，LHCb预计将建立在Babar和Belle精确的B介子测量基础上；一个可能的超级风味工厂可以扩大这一范围，也将对tau和魅力研究做出重要贡献。由于SM的许多扩展包含CP违反的新来源，一些低能和高能实验有望在寻找NP时使用CP奇数观测值。p -奇数观测值可以作为NP效应和SM效应的有效鉴别器；此外，这些可观测物可以帮助识别NP的结构。首席研究员将评估SM的几个扩展的现象学效应，重点关注在CP下的奇数观测值。拟议工作的一个补充重点预计是SM的各种扩展的约束、修改或推广。提议的工作将包括对低能和高能过程的强调。在前一种情况下，将寻求新粒子的影响。在后者中，研究将假设在对撞机环境中可以在壳上产生新粒子。具体项目包括超对称中电荷、状态和底衰变的速率不对称计算，以及顶夸克衰变和某些B衰变到矢量-矢量最终态的研究。一些更广泛的影响是，当实验学家开始筛选大量数据寻找NP信号时，所提出的工作将对他们有用。几名本科生直接参与研究将提高这些学生的教育经验，并为进入顶尖研究生院做更好的准备。本科研究水平的提高也将有助于该机构吸引高素质的本科学生进入物理学专业，尤其有助于吸引更多的女性和少数民族学生，这些学生目前在泰勒大学的物理学专业中所占比例不足。