Collaborative Research: A Southern Hemispheric Perspective on Holocene Climate Variability Based on Mountain Glacial Chronologies

合作研究：基于山地冰川年代学的全新世气候变化的南半球视角

• 批准号: 0902739
• 负责人: Robert Finkel
• 金额: $ 7.6万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-01 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0902739&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Southern; Hemispheric; Perspective

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5). The group will test hypotheses concerning how temporal and spatial variability of Southern Hemisphere climate compared with the Northern Hemisphere during the Holocene. This research will help resolve drivers of paleoclimate by providing a perspective on Southern Hemisphere climate changes. Using recent analytic advances, the group uses 10Be measurements to directly date mid- to late Holocene moraines. These ages provide a new perspective, especially when combined with other proxy records, on Southern terrestrial-atmosphere climate variability. The focus is on the history of land ice-cover in the southern Andes, where the cryosphere is particularly sensitive to changes in atmospheric temperature and precipitation. This new chronology illustrates changes in land ice in Patagonia and the Southern Hemisphere during the mid- to late Holocene and the context for 20th/21st century changes. Patagonia is in a key area of the globe to provide insight into past changes in atmospheric climate variability. It is the only major landmass between ~46°S and Antarctica in an area affected by both polar and middle latitude climate regimes. Modern human civilization has developed against the backdrop of Holocene climate variability, and one of the most important goals in paleoclimatology has been to understand the causes of this variability. As pointed out by the IPCC, knowledge of Southern Hemisphere climate, especially over the last 2000 years, is 'severely limited' by the lack of dated paleoclimate records. The proposed research helps transform our understanding of Southern Hemisphere paleoclimate by using a new approach to date Late Holocene moraines. This technique allows study of sequences that have been difficult to date because of a lack of organic matter. This project also improves our understanding of 20th/21st century changes in glaciers, which may be different between the hemispheres. The project coordinates expertise in glacial geology and geochronology and collaboration between experts in glacier-climate modeling and paleoecology. Broader impacts include strengthening the relations between universities in the U.S., UK, Chile, Argentina, and New Zealand. The international collaborations involve several scientists relatively close to the start of their careers. The PIs are all actively engaged in education and outreach, which involves the glacial history of one of the busiest national parks in the world. The results will be avilable in open datasets, and on displays in the parks.

该奖项是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法111-5）资助的。该小组将测试有关全新世期间南半球气候与北半球气候的时空变化的假设。这项研究将通过提供南半球气候变化的视角，帮助解决古气候的驱动因素。利用最新的分析进展，该小组使用10Be测量直接确定了全新世中晚期冰碛的年代。这些年代提供了一个关于南方陆地大气气候变化的新视角，特别是当与其他代用记录相结合时。研究的重点是南安第斯山脉陆地冰盖的历史，那里的冰冻圈对大气温度和降水的变化特别敏感。这个新的年代学说明了全新世中后期巴塔哥尼亚和南半球陆冰的变化以及20 /21世纪变化的背景。巴塔哥尼亚位于全球的一个关键地区，可以提供对过去大气气候变化变化的深入了解。它是南纬~46°和南极洲之间受极地和中纬度气候影响地区唯一的主要陆地。现代人类文明是在全新世气候变率的背景下发展起来的，而了解这种变率的原因是古气候学最重要的目标之一。正如政府间气候变化专门委员会所指出的那样，由于缺乏确定年代的古气候记录，对南半球气候的认识，特别是过去2000年的气候，“受到严重限制”。这项研究通过使用一种新的方法来确定晚全新世冰碛的年代，有助于改变我们对南半球古气候的认识。这项技术允许研究由于缺乏有机物而难以确定日期的序列。该项目还提高了我们对20 /21世纪冰川变化的理解，这些变化可能在两个半球之间有所不同。该项目协调了冰川地质学和地质年代学方面的专业知识，并协调了冰川气候模拟和古生态学专家之间的合作。更广泛的影响包括加强美国、英国、智利、阿根廷和新西兰大学之间的关系。国际合作涉及几位相对接近其职业生涯开端的科学家。pi都积极参与教育和推广，其中包括世界上最繁忙的国家公园之一的冰川历史。研究结果将在开放的数据集中公布，并在公园里展示。