Collaborative Research: A Systematic Study of the Role of Magnetic Fields in Relativistic Jets and Shocks

合作研究：磁场在相对论性喷流和冲击中作用的系统研究

• 批准号: 0908040
• 负责人: Kenichi Nishikawa
• 金额: $ 46.54万
• 依托单位: University of Alabama in Huntsville
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-06-01 至 2013-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0908040&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Systematic; Study; Role

AST-0908010/AST-0908040Hardee/NishikawaThis project is the first study of important three-dimensional effects in relativistic strongly-magnetized outflows. It will lay a firm basis for the realistic modeling of jets from black hole binary star systems, known as microquasars, and from active galactic nuclei, and of pulsar wind outflows and gamma-ray bursts. It will add substantially to our understanding of relativistic magnetohydrodynamic processes. Numerical simulations and theoretical development will provide an understanding of the role of strong magnetic fields in relativistic jets and shocks. The results will be used with observations of jets in very different environments to make predictions about the acceleration and collimation process and accompanying magnetization, and means of energy transport, in different astrophysical systems and at different spatial scales. This research directly addresses the relationship between jet dynamics and magnetic processes, adding insight into the physics of jet acceleration, collimation, propagation and particle acceleration.This study also enhances the partnership between scientists at two campuses of the University of Alabama, at the National Space Science and Technology Center (Huntsville, Alabama), at Ben Gurion University (Israel), and at other national and international facilities. Student training in mathematical and computational techniques, their involvement in forefront research, and their participation in scientific meetings, will help prepare them for a range of science-based careers. The researchers are severally involved in public outreach at a variety of levels.

这个项目是第一个研究相对论性强磁化外流中重要的三维效应的项目。它将为黑洞双星系统（即微类星体）、活动星系核、脉冲星风喷流和伽马射线暴的真实建模奠定坚实的基础。它将大大增加我们对相对论磁流体动力学过程的理解。数值模拟和理论发展将提供对强磁场在相对论性射流和激波中的作用的理解。这些结果将用于在非常不同的环境下对喷流的观测，以预测不同天体物理系统和不同空间尺度下的加速和准直过程、伴随的磁化以及能量传输方式。这项研究直接解决了射流动力学和磁过程之间的关系，增加了对射流加速，准直，传播和粒子加速的物理见解。这项研究还加强了阿拉巴马大学两个校区、国家空间科学技术中心（阿拉巴马州亨茨维尔）、本古里安大学（以色列）以及其他国家和国际机构的科学家之间的伙伴关系。学生在数学和计算技术方面的培训，他们对前沿研究的参与，以及他们参加科学会议，将帮助他们为一系列以科学为基础的职业做好准备。研究人员参与了不同层次的公众宣传活动。