Collaborative Research: Investigating the Relationship Between Pluton Growth and Volcanism at Two Active Intrusions in the Central Andes

该奖项是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法111-5）资助的。我们对地壳岩浆房如何演化以及这些岩浆房如何与岩体和喷发有关的知识是不够的，主要是因为还没有人对活跃的地壳岩浆房进行过全面的研究。该项目提供了一个独特的机会，并将提供从根本上新的见解深地壳岩浆的产生，储存和分化。PI设计了该项目，利用可能导致熔结凝灰岩喷发的早期阶段。考虑到从未观察到大规模的熔结凝灰岩喷发，更不用说积累到一个，这可能是一个千载难逢的机会。该项目以最近的干涉合成孔径雷达结果为基础，这些结果表明，安第斯山脉中部的几座火山上方出现了大规模的快速隆起。研究的重点是解决岩浆房的位置，大小和形状，以及它们填充的速度。干涉合成孔径雷达、GPS大地测量和微重力测量的结合将为目前岩浆流动提供必要的数据。河流地貌学将用于估计较长时间内的抬升速率。地震和大地电磁研究将提供关于任何岩浆房的位置和大小的独立信息。通过地壳的岩浆运输机制是非常重要的一些问题，从地壳形成的方式通过岩浆添加到火山爆发的基本危险预测。调查一个正在建造的大型中地壳岩浆房的发展是促进我们对这一问题的理解的最佳方式，而这一建议中的跨学科方法是关键。该项目包括与布里斯托大学（英国）的科学家密切合作，他们由NERC资助，并与智利，阿根廷和玻利维亚的研究小组密切合作。

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5). Our knowledge of how crustal magma chambers evolve and how these magma chambers relate to plutons and eruptions is inadequate, largely because nobody has yet conducted a comprehensive study of an active crustal magma chamber. This project provides a unique opportunity to do so and will provide fundamentally new insights into deep crustal magma generation, storage, and differentiation. The PIs have designed the project taking advantage of what may be the early stages leading up to an ignimbrite eruption. Given that a large ignimbrite eruption has never been observed, let alone the build-up to one, this might be a once in a many-generation opportunity. The project builds on recent InSAR results that show large-scale rapid uplift situated over several volcanoes in the Central Andes. The research is focused on resolving the location, size, and shape of the magma chambers, and the rates at which they are filling. The combination of InSAR, GPS geodesy, and microgravity measurements will provide the essential data for magma fluxes at present. Fluvial geomorphology will be used to estimate uplift rates over a longer time. Seismic and magnetotelluric studies will provide independent information about the location and size of any magma chamber. The mechanism of magma transport through the crust is very important for a number of issues ranging from the manner of crust formation via magma addition to basic hazard predictions for volcanic eruptions. Investigating the development of a large mid-crustal magma chamber while it is being built is the best way to advance our understanding of this issue and the interdisciplinary approach in this proposal is key. The project includes close collaboration with scientists from the University of Bristol (UK) who are funded by NERC and with research groups in Chile, Argentina and Bolivia.