Collaborative Research: A winter expedition to explore the biological and physical conditions of the Bering, Chukchi, and Southern Beaufort Seas

该奖项是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法111-5）资助的。提供资金收集三个重要的北极海洋（白令海，楚科奇海和博福特海）越冬物理和生物特征的基线冬季信息。由于冬季难以进入北极地区，而且可部署在越冬系泊设备和冰系剖面仪/浮标上的传感器技术有限，对北极地区季节性，特别是冬季条件的了解受到严重限制。特别是，了解优势桡足类属之一，哲水蚤属的越冬策略，还没有被很好地理解，但对生态系统建模工作至关重要。这种知识的缺乏损害了我们模拟和预测北极生态系统的能力，这些知识对我们了解持续气候变化的潜在影响至关重要。PI建议在2010年1月至2月期间对白令海、楚科奇海和博福特海进行为期6周的巡航，在此期间，他们将进行物理（水文学、循环）、化学（营养物）和生物（浮游动物、微型浮游动物、叶绿素）取样。他们将描述水文，循环和方面的营养和营养环境，确定越冬栖息地的哲水蚤种，确定了哲水蚤的状态和活动。和磷虾类之间的相互联系，描述物种/种群的哲水蚤和磷虾类在这些地区，确定太平洋水的楚科奇大陆架上的转换，描述太平洋水到北冰洋和巴罗峡谷的环流和水文，并量化的过程和细尺度的垂直分布的浮游生物和颗粒物的垂直结构的水柱。

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).Funds are provided to collect baseline winter information on the overwintering physical and biological characteristics of three important Arctic Seas: The Bering Sea, the Chukchi Sea, and the Beaufort Sea. Understanding of seasonality, and particularly winter conditions, in the Arctic is severely limited because of difficulties in accessing these regions during winter and because of limitations to sensor technology that can be deployed on overwintering moorings and ice-tethered profilers/buoys. In particular, understanding of the overwintering strategies of one of the dominant copepod genera, Calanus spp., is not well understood but is critical to ecosystem modeling efforts. This lack of knowledge has compromised our ability to model and to predict Arctic ecosystems, knowledge that is critical to our efforts to understand the potential impacts of ongoing climate change.The PIs propose a 6-week cruise to the Bering, Chukchi, and Beaufort Seas, in January-February 2010, during which they will conduct physical (hydrography, circulation), chemical (nutrients), and biological (zooplankton, microzooplankton, chlorophyll) sampling. They will describe the hydrography, circulation and aspects of the planktonic and nutrient environments, identifying the overwintering habitat of Calanus spp., determining the condition and activity of Calanus spp. and euphausiids, describing the interconnectedness between species/populations of Calanus and euphausiids in these regions, identifying the transformations of Pacific Water on the Chukchi Shelf, describing off-shelf flow of Pacific Water into the Artic Ocean and the circulation and hydrography of Barrow Canyon, and quantifying the course- and fine-scale vertical distributions of plankton and particles in relation to the vertical structure of the water column.