Microbiological and geochemical studies along the new Greenland NEEM core: from authenticity to microbial diversity and activity

沿新格陵兰 NEEM 核心的微生物和地球化学研究：从真实性到微生物多样性和活性

• 批准号: 0909323
• 负责人: Vanya Miteva
• 金额: $ 53.22万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-07-15 至 2013-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0909323&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Microbiological; geochemical; studies; along; new

"This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009(Public Law 111-5)."This study will use tracer methodologies to track the origin and extent of exogenous microbial contamination during ice-core drilling and post-core relaxation in order to ascertain the indigenous microbial diversity and its relationship to past climates and to nitrous oxide records. The project would be conducted during the drilling of the North Eemian (?NEEM?) deep ice core in Greenland. Specific objectives and methods include: (1) Testing the possible origin of microbial contamination from different sources using the following approaches: microbiological and molecular analyses of the drilling fluid, tracking its penetration into the ice by mass spectrometry, and testing the infiltration of potential contaminants by delivering fluorescent microspheres (acting as microbial surrogates) in the borehole during particular runs and analyzing thin sections of the microsphere coated ice cores by fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry; (2) Using high resolution microscopic and flow cytometric techniques to determine the abundance, viability and diversity of the indigenous microbial populations from different depths in relationship to deposition climate; (3) Linking possible anomalies of the elemental and isotopic composition of nitrous oxide in ice dated between 35,000 and 45,000 years to microbial in-situ production by specific organisms.

“这项奖励是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法111-5）资助的。”本研究将使用示踪剂方法追踪冰芯钻探和核后松弛过程中外源微生物污染的来源和程度，以确定本地微生物多样性及其与过去气候和氧化亚氮记录的关系。该项目将在格陵兰岛北埃米恩（NEEM）深冰芯钻探期间进行。具体目标和方法包括：(1)使用以下方法从不同来源检测微生物污染的可能来源：对钻井液进行微生物学和分子分析，通过质谱法跟踪其对冰的渗透，并通过在特定井眼中输送荧光微球（作为微生物替代品）来测试潜在污染物的渗透，并通过荧光显微镜和流式细胞术分析微球涂层冰芯的薄片；(2)利用高分辨率显微镜和流式细胞术技术，确定不同深度的本地微生物种群的丰度、活力和多样性与沉积气候的关系；(3)将3.5万年至4.5万年冰中氧化亚氮元素和同位素组成的可能异常与特定生物在当地产生的微生物联系起来。