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Disorder and Dynamics in Silicate and Aluminosilicate Liquids, Glasses and Crystals Relevant to Geochemical Processes: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies

与地球化学过程相关的硅酸盐和铝硅酸盐液体、玻璃和晶体的无序和动力学：核磁共振研究

基本信息

批准号：
1753585
负责人：
Jonathan Stebbins
金额：
$ 48.5万
依托单位：
Stanford University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-08-01 至 2021-09-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1753585&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Disorder Dynamics Silicate Aluminosilicate Liquids

项目摘要

The focus of this research program is the atomic-scale structure and dynamics of the silicate minerals, glasses and magmas that are at the center of most geological processes, from those taking place at the Earth's surface to those in the planet's deep interior. The ultimate goal of this work is to improve fundamental understanding, and eventually enable better prediction, of the material properties that ultimately control complex processes in nature, many of which have enormous impacts on people and on society. For the three-year grant period, one emphasis will be on the effects of high pressure on the structure and properties of silicate melts that represent magmas in the Earth, and hence are tied to many geological processes including the formation and eruption of volcanoes. A second major activity will be further development and application of methods to measure the distribution of minor and major elements in some of the most important silicate minerals in the Earth's crust and mantle, in order to improve models that describe their chemical behavior in nature, and thus better our ability to glean clues about geological evolution from natural samples. Results and methods developed in this project should continue to be of major interest outside of the Earth sciences, particularly for researchers working to develop and optimize silicate glasses and ceramics for advanced technologies, such as materials for data processing and transmission, computer displays, substrates for photovoltaics, fuel cells, and many other applications. Education is central to this project, since most of the research will be part of the training of Ph.D. and postdoctoral students on their ways to careers in science and engineering.The approach taken in this research is to identify important problems where critical details of short- to intermediate-range structure are needed and can be elucidated by laboratory measurements, collect accurate data on synthetic or natural materials, and determine the consequences of the results for key chemical and physical parameters. The most important experimental approach that will be used is solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, which can reveal quantitative details about the structure around many of the components common in minerals and magmas, such as silicon, aluminum, oxygen, phosphorus, and sodium. A variety of compositions of glasses (representing the high temperature molten materials in natural magma systems) and crystalline materials will be synthesized, and measurements made of how their structures change with composition, temperature and pressure. One particular emphasis will be to continue to extend the applicability of NMR, traditionally used to look at abundant constituents of non-magnetic materials, to minor and even trace components and to materials containing substantial amounts of magnetic components. These data should be particularly important in helping to develop more accurate, physically-based models of mineral and magma properties and behavior, which are especially important in the Earth sciences, as many processes take place in regimes of temperature, pressure, and time that are inaccessible to direct observation.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该研究计划的重点是硅酸盐矿物，玻璃和岩浆的原子尺度结构和动力学，这些矿物，玻璃和岩浆是大多数地质过程的中心，从地球表面到地球内部深处。这项工作的最终目标是提高对最终控制自然界复杂过程的材料特性的基本理解，并最终实现更好的预测，其中许多过程对人类和社会产生巨大影响。在为期三年的资助期内，重点将放在高压对硅酸盐熔体结构和性质的影响上，硅酸盐熔体代表地球中的岩浆，因此与许多地质过程有关，包括火山的形成和喷发。第二项主要活动将是进一步开发和应用测量地壳和地幔中一些最重要的硅酸盐矿物中微量元素和常量元素分布的方法，以改进描述其在自然界中化学行为的模型，从而提高我们从天然样品中收集地质演化线索的能力。在这个项目中开发的结果和方法应该继续是地球科学以外的主要兴趣，特别是对于致力于开发和优化用于先进技术的硅酸盐玻璃和陶瓷的研究人员，例如用于数据处理和传输的材料，计算机显示器，光致发光材料，燃料电池和许多其他应用。教育是这个项目的核心，因为大部分研究将是博士培训的一部分。在这项研究中采取的方法是确定重要的问题，需要短到中程结构的关键细节，并可以通过实验室测量来阐明，收集合成或天然材料的准确数据，并确定关键化学和物理参数的结果的后果。将使用的最重要的实验方法是固态核磁共振（NMR）光谱，它可以揭示矿物和岩浆中常见的许多成分（如硅，铝，氧，磷和钠）的结构的定量细节。将合成各种成分的玻璃（代表天然岩浆系统中的高温熔融材料）和晶体材料，并测量它们的结构如何随成分，温度和压力而变化。一个特别的重点将是继续扩大核磁共振的适用性，传统上用于查看非磁性材料的丰富成分，次要的，甚至痕量的成分，并含有大量的磁性成分的材料。这些数据在帮助开发更准确的、基于物理的矿物和岩浆性质和行为模型方面应该特别重要，这在地球科学中特别重要，因为许多过程都发生在温度、压力、该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（4）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Anionic speciation in sodium and potassium silicate glasses near the metasilicate ([Na,K]2SiO3) composition: 29Si, 17O, and 23Na MAS NMR

钠和钾硅酸盐玻璃中偏硅酸盐 ([Na,K]2SiO3) 成分附近的阴离子形态：29Si、17O 和 23Na MAS NMR

DOI：
10.1016/j.nocx.2020.100049
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids: X
影响因子：
0
作者：
Stebbins, Jonathan F.
通讯作者：
Stebbins, Jonathan F.

Monolayer Support Control and Precise Colloidal Nanocrystals Demonstrate Metal–Support Interactions in Heterogeneous Catalysts

DOI：
10.1002/adma.202104533
发表时间：
2021-09
期刊：
Advanced Materials
影响因子：
29.4
作者：
E. Goodman;Arun S. Asundi;A. Hoffman;K. Bustillo;J. Stebbins;S. Bare;S. Bent;M. Cargnello
通讯作者：
E. Goodman;Arun S. Asundi;A. Hoffman;K. Bustillo;J. Stebbins;S. Bare;S. Bent;M. Cargnello

Pentacoordinated and hexacoordinated silicon cations in a potassium silicate glass: Effects of pressure and temperature