The Cost of Rights or the Right Cost? The Impact of Global Economic and Human Rights Policies on Child Well-Being

“该奖项是根据2009年《美国复苏和再投资法案》(公法111-5)资助的”(公法111-5)新的促进儿童权利的国际法是否有效？在什么情况下？自1989年以来，世界上几乎每个国家都批准了《儿童权利公约》，使其成为有史以来批准范围最广的条约。因此，世界对促进儿童权利作出了正式承诺。该项目评估了这一正式承诺对儿童生活的影响，并确定了符合国际法以改善儿童福祉的各种因素。国际儿童权利条约可能只是装点门面，旨在让各国看起来很好，但很容易被回避。如果这是真的，其他因素可能也是必要的，以鼓励民族国家履行条约义务。也许促进儿童权利的国家法律，或各国境内儿童权利利益集团的存在，也是至关重要的。全球经济趋势适合在哪里？最近，国际金融机构推动了社会服务的私有化，要求家庭支付费用才能使用这些服务。这可能阻碍了父母送孩子上学和/或给孩子看病。直到最近，全球经济政策还在促进资本的全球流动，不受边界或监管的阻碍。这也可能影响儿童的福祉，尽管更间接。这个项目将确定促进或阻碍国际法实施的许多因素。为了回答提出的问题，研究人员收集和编码关于国际和国家儿童权利政策以及国际和国家经济政策和特征的数据。他们还汇编了世界上大多数国家随着时间的推移对儿童幸福的几个方面的衡量标准。这些方面包括儿童生存(例如健康和死亡率)；儿童发展(例如教育入学)；不分种族、信仰、性别等为儿童提供平等机会；将儿童的最大利益纳入政策制定。研究人员在汇总时间序列分析中使用这些数据，以确定国际法在什么情况下最有效。为该项目构建的综合数据集将公之于众，以便其他研究人员能够回答与儿童权利有关的问题。

"This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009" (Public Law 111-5)Are new international laws promoting the rights of children effective? Under what conditions? Since 1989, nearly every country in the world has ratified the Convention on the Rights of the Child, making it the most widely ratified treaty ever. The world has thus made a formal commitment to promote children's rights. This project assesses the impact of this formal commitment on the lives of children and identify the range of factors that work with international law to improve children's well-being. International child-rights treaties may only be window dressing, designed to make countries look good but easily evaded. If this is true, other factors may also be necessary to encourage nation-states to live up to treaty obligations. Perhaps national laws promoting child rights, or the presence of child-rights interest groups within countries, are also essential. Where do global economic trends fit in? In the recent past, international financial institutions promoted the privatization of social services, requiring families to pay fees to use those services. This may have discouraged parents from sending children to school and or getting the children medical treatments. Global economic policies were also, until very recently, promoting the global flow of capital unhindered by borders or regulation. This could also affect child well-being, although more indirectly. This project will identify the many factors that facilitate or impede the implementation of international law.To answer the questions posed, the researchers gather and code data on international and national child rights policies and international and national economic policies and characteristics. They also compile measures of several dimensions of child well-being over time for most countries in the world. These dimensions include child survival (e.g., health and mortality); child development (e.g., educational enrollments); equal opportunity for children regardless of race, creed, gender, etc.; and the integration of children?s best interests into policymaking. The researchers use these data in pooled time-series analyses to determine the circumstances under which international law is most effective. The comprehensive dataset constructed for this project will be made publicly available so that other researchers can answer related questions concerning child rights.