New Approaches and Rapid Assessment of Key Avian Fossils from the Cretaceous of Antarctica

南极白垩纪主要鸟类化石的新方法和快速评估

• 批准号: 0927341
• 负责人: Julia Clarke
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Texas at Austin
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-01-03 至 2010-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0927341&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: New; Approaches; Rapid; Assessment; Key

This Small Grant for Exploratory Research studies bird evolution from the perspective of Antarctic fossils. Little studied, these fossils were recently recognized as definitive evidence that birds coexisted with dinosaurs and survived the Cretaceous/Tertiary extinction. They also offer key insights into bird diversification and radiation by contributing new calibration points for the dating of molecular divergences--changes in DNA--that are the currently the subject of intense study by the broader paleobiology community. This award brings paleontologists from the US and Argentina together with all of their specimens collected over the last twenty years of Antarctic fieldwork. New methodologies will be brought to bear, including computed tomography (CT) X-ray scans and rare earth element analyses. The outcomes will address questions such as: 1) How diverse is this avifauna? 2) What avian lineages are represented? and 3) Was Gondwana a center for avian origination and radiation?In terms of broader impacts, this project will improve access to this unique fossil record by producing casts and a digital archive of all materials held in the Argentine and US repositories. The award also fosters international collaboration between the US and Argentina, and involves new institutional connections in the US, and supports training opportunities for a US student. This award is jointly supported by the Office of Polar Programs and the Office of International Science and Engineering.

这个探索性研究的小额赠款从南极化石的角度研究鸟类进化。这些化石很少被研究，最近被认为是鸟类与恐龙共存并在白垩纪/第三纪灭绝中幸存下来的明确证据。他们还提供了关键的见解鸟类多样性和辐射贡献新的校准点的分子分歧的约会-DNA的变化-这是目前的主题，由更广泛的古生物学社区的密集研究。该奖项汇集了来自美国和阿根廷的古生物学家以及他们在过去20年南极实地考察中收集的所有标本。将采用新的方法，包括计算机断层X射线扫描和稀土元素分析。结果将解决以下问题：1）这种鸟类区系有多多样？2)代表了哪些鸟类血统？冈瓦纳古陆是鸟类起源和辐射中心吗？就更广泛的影响而言，该项目将通过制作阿根廷和美国储存库中保存的所有材料的模型和数字档案来改善对这一独特化石记录的访问。该奖项还促进了美国和阿根廷之间的国际合作，并涉及美国的新机构联系，并为美国学生提供培训机会。该奖项由极地项目办公室和国际科学与工程办公室共同支持。