Collaborative Research: The Role of Deep-Ocean Circulation in Greenhouse Climates: Integrating Numerical Simulations with Proxy Data of Water Mass Composition

这项研究将解决与温暖气候区间深水团形成以及由此产生的环流在维持弱大尺度热梯度中的作用有关的长期问题。研究人员的目标是利用深海钻探项目（DSDP）和海洋钻探计划（ODP）的钕（Nd）和铅（Pb）同位素记录，扩大现有的早古近纪太平洋水体组成重建数据库。研究人员将对早新生代温室气候时期深水环流的三个相关假设进行验证，即：1)太平洋高纬度地区深水对流；(2)深水在东特提斯没有汇聚；3)大西洋和太平洋的深层盆地没有连通。更广泛的影响涉及两名博士生的培养和教育以及两名本科生的实质性研究经验。研究人员将通过开发课程材料和学习模块为教学和推广活动做出贡献，并将成果纳入现有的活动，如乌尔比诺古气候学暑期学校。重建结果将作为未来古气候模拟和代理研究的基础图传播给社区。

This research will address long-standing questions related to the formation of deep water masses in warm climate intervals and the role of the resulting circulation in maintaining weak large scale thermal gradients. The researchers aim to expand the current database of early Paleogene Pacific water mass composition reconstructions by using Neodymium (Nd) and Lead (Pb) isotopic records from Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) and Ocean Drilling Program (ODP).The researchers will test three related hypotheses for deep-water circulation during the greenhouse climate of the early Cenozoic, as follows: 1) deep waters were convected in the high latitudes of the Pacific; 2) deep waters did not convect in the Eastern Tethys; and 3) the deep basins of the Atlantic and Pacific were not connected. The broader impacts involve the training and education of two doctoral students and substantive research experience for two undergraduate students. The researchers will contribute to teaching and outreach activities through the development of course materials and learning modules and will incorporate results into existing activities such as the Urbino Summer School in Paleoclimatology. Reconstructions will be disseminated to the community as base maps for future paleoclimatic modeling and proxy studies.