Collaborative Research: The Role of Deep-Ocean Circulation in Greenhouse Climates: Integrating Numerical Simulations with Proxy Data of Water Mass Composition

这项研究将解决长期存在的问题，这些问题涉及温暖气候区间的深水团的形成，以及由此产生的环流在维持弱的大尺度温度梯度方面的作用。研究人员的目标是利用深海钻探计划和大洋钻探计划的钕(ND)和铅(铅)同位素记录来扩展现有的早期古近纪太平洋水团组成重建数据库。研究人员将检验有关早新生代温室气候期间深水循环的三个相关假说：1)太平洋高纬度地区有深水对流；2)东特提斯深水不对流；3)大西洋和太平洋的深盆地没有连接。更广泛的影响包括两名博士生的培训和教育，以及两名本科生的实质性研究经验。研究人员将通过编写课程材料和学习单元为教学和外联活动作出贡献，并将把成果纳入现有活动，如古气候学乌尔比诺暑期学校。重建的地图将作为未来古气候模型和替代研究的底图分发给社区。

This research will address long-standing questions related to the formation of deep water masses in warm climate intervals and the role of the resulting circulation in maintaining weak large scale thermal gradients. The researchers aim to expand the current database of early Paleogene Pacific water mass composition reconstructions by using Neodymium (Nd) and Lead (Pb) isotopic records from Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) and Ocean Drilling Program (ODP).The researchers will test three related hypotheses for deep-water circulation during the greenhouse climate of the early Cenozoic, as follows: 1) deep waters were convected in the high latitudes of the Pacific; 2) deep waters did not convect in the Eastern Tethys; and 3) the deep basins of the Atlantic and Pacific were not connected. The broader impacts involve the training and education of two doctoral students and substantive research experience for two undergraduate students. The researchers will contribute to teaching and outreach activities through the development of course materials and learning modules and will incorporate results into existing activities such as the Urbino Summer School in Paleoclimatology. Reconstructions will be disseminated to the community as base maps for future paleoclimatic modeling and proxy studies.