IDR: Remote and Directive Electromagnetic Stimulation of Transport Mechanisms to Enhance Soil Remediation

IDR：传输机制的远程和定向电磁刺激以增强土壤修复

• 批准号: 0928703
• 负责人: Arvin Farid
• 金额: $ 37.18万
• 依托单位: Boise State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-15 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0928703&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: IDR; Remote; Directive; Electromagnetic; Stimulation

Farid0928703EM fields can oscillate water dipole molecules, which can in turn stimulate mechanisms such as airflow, seepage, microbial activities, desorption, and volatilization. Several soil remediation technologies inject air into soil to enhance microbial activities for bioremediation and volatilization of organic contaminants for soil cleanup. The goal of this study is to electromagnetic ally stimulate mechanisms to enhance soil remediation. Recent research has also shown a strong potential to mitigate liquefaction by air sparging. Increasing air injection pressure will create air channels within high porosity zones for easy airflow. These channels are preferential paths for flow of the majority of the injected air. The size, spacing, and formation of these air channels cannot be controlled and air diffusion between these channels is extremely slow. Electric current has become popular to enhance remediation processes. However, electric current will find preferential paths of relatively higher electrical conductivity. In sandy or even highly conductive lossy clayey soils, relatively higher conductivity zones are the same high porosity zones, previously taken by air channels. EM waves can oscillate water dipole molecules to stimulate and enhance different transport mechanisms and increase hydraulic conductivity. EM waves propagate better in zones of low conductivity (low porosity zones (untouched by the previously mentioned methods). EM waves antennas can be designed to operate above ground, be directive to input more power in desired direction, and focus energy into desired locations with constructive radiation patterns. The heating effect due to oscillation by an EM field can also be controlled more easily than electric fields, using low voltage high frequency waves. Effect of variations in frequency and power level on enhancement of different transport mechanisms and microbial activities need to be studied. This study is essential for developing theoretical models necessary to simulate these interactions. In addition to enhancing airflow, the stimulation has the potential to enhance volatilization, microbial activities, and desorption of chemicals and heavy metals from soil-grains for cleanup. The project will also integrate research, education, and active collaboration with industry. One multidisciplinary graduate student will participate as will undergraduate and high school students and teachers. The PIs will continue to expand their connection with Boise high schools through the TRiO (Upward Bound Summer Internship) program at Boise State University (BSU) with summer internships. A website will be developed to deliver the research outcome to practitioners and academic communities, especially the large group of companies within the initiated collaborative group. With the help from the BSU TRiO program, portions of the website will be designed for high school and middle school students and linked to Boise public school websites.

Farid0928703电磁场可以振荡水偶极子分子，从而刺激气流、渗流、微生物活动、解吸和挥发等机制。一些土壤修复技术将空气注入土壤，以增强微生物的生物修复活性和有机污染物的挥发，从而净化土壤。本研究的目的是电磁联合刺激机制，以加强土壤修复。最近的研究还表明，通过空气喷射来减轻液化的潜力很大。增加空气注入压力将在高孔隙率区域内形成空气通道，以便于气流流动。这些通道是大部分注入空气流动的优先路径。这些空气通道的尺寸、间隔和形成不能被控制，并且这些通道之间的空气扩散极其缓慢。电流已成为流行的，以加强补救过程。然而，电流将找到具有相对较高电导率的优先路径。在桑迪或甚至高传导性的有损耗粘性土壤中，相对较高的传导率区域是相同的高孔隙率区域，先前由空气通道占据。电磁波可以振荡水偶极子分子，以刺激和增强不同的传输机制，并增加水力传导性。EM波在低传导率区域（低孔隙率区域（未被前述方法触及））中传播得更好。EM波天线可以被设计为在地面上操作，定向以在期望的方向上输入更多的功率，并且将能量聚焦到具有相长辐射图案的期望位置。通过使用低电压高频波，也可以比电场更容易地控制由EM场的振荡引起的加热效果。需要研究频率和功率水平的变化对增强不同传输机制和微生物活性的影响。这项研究是必不可少的理论模型来模拟这些相互作用。除了增强气流，刺激有可能提高挥发，微生物活动，化学品和重金属从土壤颗粒的解吸净化。该项目还将整合研究，教育以及与行业的积极合作。一个多学科的研究生将参加将本科和高中学生和教师。PI将继续通过博伊西州立大学（BSU）的TRiO（向上的夏季实习）计划扩大与博伊西高中的联系。将开发一个网站，向从业人员和学术界，特别是发起的合作小组内的大型公司提供研究成果。在BSU TRIO项目的帮助下，该网站的部分内容将为高中和中学生设计，并链接到博伊西公立学校网站。