Combustion of Fuel Hydrates

奖项摘要提案标题：燃料水合物的燃烧首席研究员：Dunn-Rankin，Derek . 机构名称：加州大学欧文分校提案号：CBET-0932415本研究的重点是燃烧天然气水合物，一个主要的潜在能源资源涉及的燃烧科学。 气体水合物是一种冰状结晶固体，包裹着甲烷等客体气体分子。海底和北极永久冻土层中的甲烷水合物是甲烷的重要储藏库。这些燃料水合物代表了能源和环境问题的重要交叉点。甲烷作为燃料对气候变化具有有益的潜在影响，因为它产生的二氧化碳比任何其他碳氢化合物都少，但如果释放，其负面影响很大，因为未反应的甲烷是一种强大的温室气体。 水合物沉积物的燃烧被认为是释放天然气和直接能量转换。此外，正在研究水合物作为储存和运输天然气的有效形式。这些用途的潜在火灾危险可能很大。该项目将测量甲烷、丙烷和混合气体水合物的燃烧特性。虽然有广泛的科学文献和水合物的物理性质及其形成动力学的理解，有很少的研究，其燃烧性能。燃烧燃料水合物的样品照片证明了可燃性，但这些照片不包含任何重要的标准燃烧行为信息。燃料气水合物将被塑造成小球，安装在薄的支撑物上或分散成雪。然后将点燃水合物，以测量关键的燃烧特性，如表面回归率、水的熔化与蒸发、火焰间隔距离、燃烧温度和烟灰的形成。结果将与单组分液滴和多孔球扩散火焰的燃烧的经典结果进行对比。常规燃料和水合物形式之间的关键区别之一是，对于水合物，控制气体释放和扩散到表面的内部动力学可能是重要的。除了对研究生教育和研究的重点贡献外，该项目还将通过加州尔湾大学的三个项目接触和鼓励年轻学生：LSAMP（少数民族参与联盟），UROP（本科生研究机会）和COSMOS（夏季科学营）。每年至少有一名LSAMP学生参加该项目，本科研究是工作的一个组成部分。在这个项目中开发的燃烧冰实验将用于大学前UCI COSMOS计划，这是一项针对对科学和技术感兴趣的优秀高中生的夏季住宿活动。

AWARDAbstractProposal Title: Combustion of Fuel HydratesPrincipal Investigator: Dunn-Rankin, Derek . Institution: University of California-Irvine Proposal No: CBET-0932415 This research focuses on the combustion science involved in burning gas hydrates, a major potential energy resource. Gas hydrates are ice-like crystalline solids that encapsulate guest gas molecules like methane. A significant storehouse of methane is in the form of methane hydrates on the sea floor and in the arctic permafrost. These fuel hydrates represent an important intersection of energy and environmental concerns. Methane has a beneficial potential impact on climate change as a fuel because it makes less CO2 than any other hydrocarbon, but if released, its negative impact is significant because unreacted methane is a powerful greenhouse gas. Combustion of hydrate deposits is being considered both to release the natural gas and for direct energy conversion. In addition, hydrates are being examined as efficient forms for storage and transport of natural gas. The potential fire hazards of such uses can be significant. This project will measure the combustion properties of methane, propane, and mixed gas hydrates. Although there is a broad scientific literature and understanding of the physical properties of hydrates and their formation kinetics, there is very little research on their combustion properties. Sample photographs of burning fuel hydrates demonstrate flammability, but these photographs contain none of the important standard combustion-behavior information. Fuel gas hydrates will be molded into pellets mounted on thin supports or dispersed as a snow. The hydrates will then be ignited for measuring key combustion properties such as surface regression rate, water melted versus evaporated, flame standoff distance, combustion temperatures and the formation of soot. The results will be contrasted with the classical results for the combustion of single-component droplets and porous-sphere diffusion flames. One of the key differences between conventional fuels and a hydrate form is that for hydrates the internal kinetics controlling gas release and diffusion to the surface are likely to be important. Beyond the focused contribution to graduate education and research, the project will reach and encourage younger students through three programs at the University of California Irvine: LSAMP (Alliance for Minority Participation), UROP (Undergraduate Research Opportunities), and COSMOS (Summer Science Camp). At least one LSAMP student will participate on the project each year, and undergraduate research is an integral part of the work. The burning ice experiments developed in this project will be used in the precollege UCI COSMOS program, a summer residential activity for talented high school students interested in science and technology.