Structure-Function Relationships for Early Transition Metal Carbide and Nitride Cataysts

早期过渡金属碳化物和氮化物催化剂的结构-功能关系

基本信息

项目摘要

0933239 Thompson Early transition metal (Group IV-VI) carbides and nitrides are a fascinating class of materials with a broad range of potential applications including use as catalysts for energy and environmentally sustainable processes. These relatively low cost materials can be produced in nanoscale form with surface areas as high as 200 m2/gr, have been demonstrated to be active for a number of industrially significant reactions including water gas shift and alkane isomerization, and are thermally and chemically stable. The design of nanoscale early transition metal carbide- and nitride-based catalysts would benefit significantly from a better understanding of relationships between their structural, compositional and functional properties. The goal of this research is to elucidate key structural and compositional features that govern the catalytic properties of early transition metal carbides and nitrides using two commercially relevant test reactions, the water gas shift (WGS) and Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis (FTS). The principal techniques that will be employed to accomplish the project goal are ultrahigh resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and in situ x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The TEM and XAS results will be complemented by results from infrared spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. This effort is responsive to the Catalysis and Biocatalysis Program goal of supporting multidisciplinary research on the synthesis and characterization of catalysts that function at the nanoscale. Potential applications for nanoscale carbide- and nitride-based catalysts include the production of hydrogen and "green gasoline" via FTS, and consequently the project supports efforts related to energy diversity and reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. The intellectual merit of the proposed research lies in a significant expansion of the knowledge base for early transition metal carbide and nitride catalysts. While the database of reactions catalyzed by these materials has grown, there is little fundamental information about relationships between their structure, composition and function. The ultrahigh resolution TEM will allow, perhaps for the first time, high resolution imaging of the non-metal atoms in the metal atom matrix of the catalyst. In addition, XAS, one of only a few in situ methods, will provide the type of compositional, structural and electronic information needed to develop unambiguous correlations. Relationships derived during the proposed research will significantly enhance our fundamental understanding of the character of carbides and nitrides, and could facilitate their design and development as catalysts and catalyst supports for the sustainable production of a variety of chemicals and fuels. With regard to the broader impacts, the proposed research will engage under-represented minority high school, undergraduate and graduate students in socially relevant research. The proposed project will leverage on-going education and outreach activities including the Michigan-Louis Stokes Alliance for Minority Participation and Undergraduate Research Opportunity Program. Through an expansion of the University of Michigan Chemical Sciences at the Interface of Education (CSIE) program, undergraduate and post-doctoral chemical engineering and materials science students will be able to add education to their professional studies. In addition, through a collaboration with the IDEA Institute, teachers from the Detroit and Ypsilanti School Districts, both of which have large populations of underserved students, will be engaged in summer camp programs focused on microscopy and surface science. Researchers engaged in the proposed project have long-standing commitments to increasing the participation of underrepresented groups in authentic research and integrating research into educational activities.
小行星0933239 早期过渡金属(第IV-VI族)碳化物和氮化物是一类具有广泛潜在应用的迷人材料,包括用作能源和环境可持续过程的催化剂。这些相对低成本的材料可以以纳米级形式生产,表面积高达200 m2/gr,已经证明对许多工业上重要的反应(包括水煤气变换和烷烃异构化)是活性的,并且是热和化学稳定的。纳米级前过渡金属碳化物和氮化物基催化剂的设计将受益于更好地理解它们的结构,组成和功能特性之间的关系。本研究的目的是阐明关键的结构和组成特征,支配的催化性能的早期过渡金属碳化物和氮化物使用两个商业相关的测试反应,水煤气变换(WGS)和费托合成(FTS)。将采用的主要技术,以实现该项目的目标是高分辨率透射电子显微镜(TEM)和原位X射线吸收光谱(XAS)。TEM和XAS结果将由红外光谱和X射线光电子能谱的结果补充。这项工作是响应催化和生物催化计划的目标,支持多学科研究的合成和表征的催化剂,在纳米级的功能。纳米级碳化物和氮化物基催化剂的潜在应用包括通过FTS生产氢气和“绿色汽油”,因此该项目支持与能源多样性和减少温室气体排放有关的努力。所提出的研究的智力价值在于显着扩展的知识基础的早期过渡金属碳化物和氮化物催化剂。虽然由这些材料催化的反应数据库已经增长,但关于它们的结构,组成和功能之间关系的基本信息很少。高分辨率TEM将允许,也许是第一次,在催化剂的金属原子基质中的非金属原子的高分辨率成像。此外,XAS是为数不多的原位方法之一,它将提供开发明确相关性所需的成分、结构和电子信息。在拟议的研究过程中得出的关系将显着提高我们对碳化物和氮化物特性的基本理解,并可以促进其作为催化剂和催化剂载体的设计和开发,用于各种化学品和燃料的可持续生产。关于更广泛的影响,拟议的研究将使代表性不足的少数民族高中生、本科生和研究生参与社会相关研究。拟议的项目将利用正在进行的教育和外联活动,包括少数民族参与和本科生研究机会计划的里根-路易斯斯托克斯联盟。通过扩大密歇根大学化学科学与教育界面(CSIE)项目,本科生和博士后化学工程和材料科学学生将能够在他们的专业学习中增加教育。此外,通过与IDEA研究所的合作,来自底特律和伊普西兰蒂学区的教师将参加以显微镜和表面科学为重点的夏令营项目,这两个学区都有大量服务不足的学生。参与拟议项目的研究人员长期致力于增加代表性不足的群体参与真实研究,并将研究纳入教育活动。

项目成果

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Levi Thompson其他文献

Strange Bedfellows: The Crisis of Modernity in Najīb Maḥfūẓ’s Al-Qāhira al-jadīda
奇怪的同床异梦:纳吉布·马赫富兹《Al-Qāhira al-jadīda》中的现代性危机
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2015
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Levi Thompson
  • 通讯作者:
    Levi Thompson

Levi Thompson的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Levi Thompson', 18)}}的其他基金

SEP: Non-Aqueous Redox Flow Battery Chemistries for Sustainable Energy Storage
SEP:用于可持续能源存储的非水氧化还原液流电池化学
  • 批准号:
    1230236
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 52.3万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
GOALI: Collaborative Research: Understanding Perovskite-Based NO Oxidation Catalysts via Coupled Experimental and Computational Analysis
GOALI:合作研究:通过耦合实验和计算分析了解基于钙钛矿的 NO 氧化催化剂
  • 批准号:
    0967466
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 52.3万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Presidential Young Investigator Award "Rational Design and Synthesis of Advanced Catalytic and Electronic Materials."
总统青年研究员奖“先进催化和电子材料的合理设计与合成”。
  • 批准号:
    9158527
  • 财政年份:
    1991
  • 资助金额:
    $ 52.3万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Fundamental Investigation of Molybdenum Nitride and Carbide Catalysts: Minority Research Initiation Award
氮化钼和碳化物催化剂的基础研究:少数派研究启动奖
  • 批准号:
    8918107
  • 财政年份:
    1990
  • 资助金额:
    $ 52.3万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Supported Sulfide Cluster Catalysts for Hydrodesulfurization
用于加氢脱硫的负载型硫化物簇催化剂
  • 批准号:
    8760441
  • 财政年份:
    1988
  • 资助金额:
    $ 52.3万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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