Numerical Studies of Meteor Crater Cold Pool Responses to Realistic Dynamical and Radiative Forcing and Comparisons with METCRAX Measurements

流星陨石坑冷池对现实动力和辐射强迫响应的数值研究以及与 METCRAX 测量的比较

• 批准号: 0935342
• 负责人: Thomas Lund
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NorthWest Research Associates, Incorporated
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-15 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0935342&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Numerical; Studies; Meteor; Crater; Cold

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).The Meteor Crater Experiment (METCRAX) was performed in Arizona's Meteor Crater in October 2006 because of the frequent occurrence there of stable cold pools accompanied by benign boundary layer flows. Motivations for the METCRAX studies were a better understanding of the dynamical and radiative processes influencing cold pool formation, evolution, and breakup. The small spatial scale enabled extensive instrumentation and quantification of a number of very interesting cold pool responses, including forcing by mean and variable external boundary layer flows, forcing by radiative heating and cooling, instability and mixing, and seiche responses at various periods. METCRAX data analyses and numerical studies led to a number of important insights into cold pool dynamics to date. This new research will expand on the numerical studies performed to date through applications to 1) more complex and realistic boundary layer flows, 2) realistic boundary layer stratification profiles, 3) real, rather than idealized axisymmetric, crater terrain, 4) cold pool flows that are radiatively forced, and 5) specific simulations of, and comparisons to, METCRAX observations of seiches, instability and mixing, and radiatively-forced flows. These efforts will employ a high-resolution spectral element (SE) numerical simulation code. Intellectual Merit: This additional METCRAX research will contribute a much more quantitative understanding of 1) the diversity of responses to dynamical and radiative forcing, 2) the dominant mechanisms accounting for erosion of cold pool stratification, 3) the extent to which real cold pool flows differ from idealized descriptions, and 4) whether high-resolution modeling is essential to describing such effects. Results will also be valuable in understanding cold pool dynamics in more general basins, and thus to a broader research community.Broader Impacts: A more complete understanding of cold pool dynamics, including their formation and breakup, is highly relevant outside the boundary layer research community, important to NWP, and to many cities located in basins or valleys experiencing persistent cold pool stratification that traps emissions and particulates, causes significant pollution episodes and health hazards, and may impact businesses, schools, local government, power generation, and transportation.

该奖项是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法111-5）资助的。陨石坑实验（METCRAX）于2006年10月在美国亚利桑那州陨石坑进行，因为那里经常出现稳定的冷池并伴有良性边界层流动。METCRAX研究的动机是为了更好地了解影响冷池形成、演化和破裂的动力和辐射过程。小的空间尺度使得广泛的仪器和量化一些非常有趣的冷池响应成为可能，包括平均和可变外部边界层流动的强迫，辐射加热和冷却的强迫，不稳定和混合，以及不同时期的潮涌响应。迄今为止，METCRAX的数据分析和数值研究为冷池动力学提供了许多重要的见解。这项新研究将扩展迄今为止进行的数值研究，通过应用于1)更复杂和现实的边界层流动，2)现实的边界层分层剖面，3)真实的，而不是理想化的轴对称陨石坑地形，4)辐射强迫的冷池流动，5)特定的模拟，并与METCRAX观测的seiches，不稳定性和混合，以及辐射强迫流动进行比较。这些工作将采用高分辨率谱元（SE）数值模拟代码。智力价值：这项额外的METCRAX研究将有助于更定量地理解1)对动力和辐射强迫的响应的多样性，2)冷池分层侵蚀的主要机制，3)真实冷池流动与理想化描述的差异程度，以及4)高分辨率建模是否对描述此类影响至关重要。研究结果对了解更一般盆地的冷池动力学也有价值，从而对更广泛的研究界也有价值。更广泛的影响：更全面地了解冷池动力学，包括它们的形成和破裂，与边界层研究社区之外的情况高度相关，对NWP和许多位于盆地或山谷的城市都很重要，这些城市经历了持续的冷池分层，这种分层会捕获排放和颗粒物，导致严重的污染事件和健康危害，并可能影响企业、学校、地方政府、发电和交通。