NEESR-CR: Performance-Based Design for Cost-Effective Seismic Hazard Mitigation in New Buildings Using Supplemental Passive Damper Systems

该奖项由2009年美国复苏和再投资法案(公法111-5)资助。该奖项是NSF 09-524项目征集“小乔治·E·布朗地震工程模拟(NEES)研究网络(NEESR)”竞赛的结果，包括利哈伊大学、加州州立理工大学、波莫纳(加州保利·波莫纳)和加州州立大学北岭分校。该项目将利用利哈伊大学的NEES设备现场。智力价值：这项研究的愿景是一种经过验证的基于性能的概率抗震设计程序，适用于具有被动减震系统的建筑。在这一过程中，减震系统的设计与相关抗震框架的设计是一体的。用概率方法显式处理了不同地震输入水平下影响地震动破坏程度的不确定性。该程序考虑了多个性能目标，每个目标将不同的损害级别与不同的地震危险级别相关联。该项目将设计两座钢框架原型建筑作为研究的背景。将研究几种类型的阻尼器。利哈伊NEES设备现场的测试将确定阻尼器的特性；将对阻尼器的分析模型进行校准和验证。在前人工作的基础上，将开发一套实用的基于性能的设计程序，以及与之相关的被动阻尼器建筑的设计评估程序。这些程序使用部分安全系数来处理固有的不确定性。基于性能的设计程序将被用来为每个原型建筑产生几个设计案例。钢框架的强度和阻尼器类型将根据设计情况的不同而有所不同。然后，每个设计案例将通过项目开发的严格的、概率的评估程序进行评估。该评估使用了非线性动力分析，并考虑了建筑可能的破坏状态，同时严格处理了建筑属性、减震系统和地面运动中的不确定性。该程序估计在不同的地震危险(输入)水平上达到这些损害状态的概率。在利哈伊NEES设备现场进行的大规模实时混合模拟将验证严格的评估程序以及实用的基于性能的设计程序的结果。混合模拟将分为两个阶段：第一阶段使用三个单独的大型阻尼器作为实验室样本，而建筑的其余部分被建模为分析性子结构；第二阶段使用带有阻尼器的大型三层钢框架作为实验室样本，而建筑的其余部分被建模为分析性子结构。第一阶段的模拟将特别有效，因为可以将大量的地面运动应用于建筑物，导致不同程度的损坏，而不需要修复测试试件，因为损坏将在分析的子结构内。阶段2模拟将验证整个项目方法。这项研究将产生一种经过验证的、严格的、概率的建筑被动减震系统抗震性能评估程序，以解决建筑性能中的重大不确定性。这项研究还将产生一个有效的，实用的，多水平的，概率的，基于性能的被动减震建筑抗震设计方法。将产生全尺寸阻尼器特性测试数据集。还将建立适用于数值模拟的经验证的被动阻尼器的分析模型。具有被动阻尼器的建筑物的大规模实时混合地震模拟将产生可靠且记录良好的数据集，并用于验证设计和评估程序。更广泛的影响：这项研究将产生将基于性能的抗震设计程序付诸实践所需的知识。将开发大学课程的教学材料，并将为实习工程师举办研讨会，以帮助将设计程序转化为实践。该项目的数据将被存档，并通过NEES数据库向公众提供。

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).This award is an outcome of the NSF 09-524 program solicitation "George E. Brown, Jr. Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (NEES) Research (NEESR)" competition and includes Lehigh University, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona (Cal Poly Pomona), and California State University, Northridge. This project will utilize the NEES equipment site at Lehigh University.Intellectual Merit: The vision for this research is a validated probabilistic, performance-based seismic design procedure for buildings with passive damping systems. In this procedure, the design of the damping system is integrated with the design of the associated seismic load resisting frames. The uncertainties that influence the level of damage caused by ground motions at different seismic input levels are treated explicitly using probabilistic methods. The procedure considers multiple performance objectives, with each objective associating a different level of damage with a different seismic hazard level. The project will design two steel-framed prototype buildings as the context for the research. Several types of dampers will be studied. Tests at the Lehigh NEES equipment site will characterize the dampers; analytical models for the dampers will be calibrated and validated. Extending previous work, a practical performance-based design procedure, and an associated design assessment procedure for buildings with passive dampers will be developed. These procedures treat inherent uncertainties using partial safety factors. The performance-based design procedure will be used to produce several design cases for each prototype building. The strength of the steel frames and the damper type will be varied among the design cases. Then, each design case will be assessed with a rigorous, probabilistic assessment procedure developed by the project. This assessment uses nonlinear dynamic analyses, and considers the possible damage states of the building while rigorously treating uncertainties in building properties, damping systems, and ground motions. The procedure estimates the probabilities that these damage states are reached at different seismic hazard (input) levels. Large-scale, real-time hybrid simulations at the Lehigh NEES equipment site will validate the rigorous assessment procedure as well as the results of the practical performance-based design procedure. The hybrid simulations will have two phases: Phase 1 uses three individual large-scale dampers as the lab specimens, while the remainder of the building is modeled as an analytical substructure; Phase 2 uses a large-scale, three-story steel frame with dampers as the lab specimen, while the remainder of the building is modeled as an analytical substructure. Phase 1 simulations will be particularly efficient, by enabling numerous ground motions to be applied to the building, resulting in various levels of damage, without the need to repair the test specimens, since the damage will be within the analytical substructures. Phase 2 simulations will validate the overall project approach. This research will produce a validated, rigorous, probabilistic seismic performance assessment procedure for buildings with passive damping systems which addresses significant uncertainties in building performance. This research will also produce a validated, practical, multi-level, probabilistic, performance-based seismic design procedure for buildings with passive damping systems. Full-scale damper characterization test data sets will be produced. Validated analytical models for passive dampers, suitable for numerical simulations, will also be produced. Reliable and well-documented data sets from large-scale, real-time hybrid seismic simulations of buildings with passive dampers will be produced and used to validate the design and assessment procedures. Broader Impacts: This research will produce the knowledge needed to move the performance-based seismic design procedure into practice. Instructional materials for university classes will be developed, and a workshop for practicing engineers will be conducted to help transfer the design procedure into practice. Data from this project will be archived and made available to the public through the NEES data repository.