Airborne Imaging Spectrometer, Spectrometer Algorithm Development, and Spectrometer Components

机载成像光谱仪、光谱仪算法开发和光谱仪组件

• 批准号: 0940226
• 负责人: Thomas Kampe
• 金额: $ 996.28万
• 依托单位: National Ecological Observatory Network, Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Cooperative Agreement
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-10-01 至 2013-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0940226&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Airborne; Imaging; Spectrometer; Algorithm; Development

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).The biosphere is experiencing a period of unprecedented change. The biosphere is responding to multiple drivers of change simultaneously operating over scales from the individual organism (e.g. invasive species), region (e.g. landuse change) to the globe (e.g. climate change). Our fundamental understanding of the effects of climate and landuse change, and invasive species on the biosphere have largely been formed through the study of the properties and processes of living systems at scales from individual organisms to watersheds. But the most compelling scientific questions about the biosphere involve events at larger scales, from landscapes to continents. Understanding these co-occurring processes and responses has been hampered by the lack of an instrument platform that has the capabilities to measure the structure, composition, processes, and dynamics of the biosphere from sub-meter to regional scales, regional scales to the continent, and continental to global. Funds from this award will provide a vital new tool to understanding the biosphere at these critical scales. The award will provide funds to fabricate and test a ?state-of-the-art? Airborne Imaging Spectrometer, develop initial data algorithms to interpret spectra, and purchase long lead components for two additional spectrometers. The Imaging Spectrometer is a new design that will provide remote sensing data of land cover and land use, plant biochemistry and biophysical properties, and detection of invasive plant species at the sampling resolution and spectral sensing range not available in spectrometers today. Both the spectrometer precision and spectral range will permit analyses of biological phenomena not possible using the existing technology available to the research community and provide the intermediate-scale measurements necessary to scale from in situ measurements to continental scale satellite remote sensing. The proposed spectrometer performance characteristics will make significant advances over existing satellite and airborne spectrometers and these capabilities will transform the field of remote sensing.The data will contribute to an innovative multi-disciplinary approach to educate undergraduate and graduate students, the public, and policy-making individuals about landuse change and environmental concerns. The data will aid visualizing and understanding complex information about the spatial relationships between ecological conditions and processes and the environment and aid in a better understanding of land use decisions on regional scales. Such spatial images are often more intuitive to interpret (e.g., detailed spatial maps and distributions of environmental changes) than other forms of information.

该奖项根据《2009 年美国复苏和再投资法案》（公法 111-5）提供资金。生物圈正在经历一个前所未有的变化时期。生物圈正在对从个体生物体（例如入侵物种）、区域（例如土地利用变化）到全球（例如气候变化）的多个尺度同时运作的变化驱动因素做出反应。我们对气候和土地利用变化以及入侵物种对生物圈的影响的基本了解很大程度上是通过对从个体生物体到流域的生命系统的特性和过程的研究而形成的。但有关生物圈的最引人注目的科学问题涉及更大规模的事件，从景观到大陆。由于缺乏能够测量从亚米级到区域尺度、区域尺度到大陆、大陆到全球生物圈的结构、组成、过程和动态的仪器平台，理解这些同时发生的过程和响应受到了阻碍。该奖项的资金将为了解这些关键尺度的生物圈提供一个重要的新工具。该奖项将提供资金来制造和测试“最先进的”机载成像光谱仪，开发初始数据算法来解释光谱，并为另外两个光谱仪购买长引线组件。 成像光谱仪是一种新设计，将提供土地覆盖和土地利用、植物生物化学和生物物理特性的遥感数据，并以当今光谱仪不具备的采样分辨率和光谱传感范围检测入侵植物物种。 光谱仪精度和光谱范围都将允许对研究界现有技术无法实现的生物现象进行分析，并提供从原位测量到大陆尺度卫星遥感所需的中间尺度测量。拟议的光谱仪性能特征将比现有的卫星和机载光谱仪取得重大进步，这些功能将改变遥感领域。这些数据将有助于采用创新的多学科方法来教育本科生和研究生、公众和政策制定者有关土地利用变化和环境问题的知识。这些数据将有助于可视化和理解有关生态条件和过程与环境之间的空间关系的复杂信息，并有助于更好地理解区域尺度的土地利用决策。与其他形式的信息相比，此类空间图像通常更直观地解释（例如，详细的空间地图和环境变化的分布）。