VOSS: Collaborative Proposal: CyberGRID Networks - Cyber-enabled Global Research Infrastructure for Design Networks

这项研究需要：(1)CyberGRID网络-开发一个研究数据收集和分析工具，集成到现有的全球虚拟工程团队工作环境中；(2)CyberGRID网络-利用该工具开发基本见解，了解全球分布的工程团队如何在虚拟环境中共同制定复杂的设计工作。CyberGRID网将是一种研究工具，增强由研究人员为全球设计工作开发的现有虚拟环境。它将扩展当前的教学工具功能，具有以下面向研究的功能：(1)现有的TeamWall模型共享显示将检测和跟踪对象引用动作的位置（例如，指向设计中的一个特征），并将添加功能，以便参与者在研究感兴趣的现象发生时自我指示；(2)当研究人员指定的交互发生时，虚拟环境记录将被打上时间戳；(3)将检测化身-化身和化身-对象交互以及有关交互的元数据。(4)将增加全球虚拟研究团队的协作讨论、数据分析和注释功能。在一系列实验中，CyberGRID网络研究基础设施将用于参与关键的组织研究问题：如何在虚拟环境中使用建筑信息模型（BIM）作为边界对象来解决全球虚拟工程团队知识系统中的冲突？在化身与化身的互动中，冲突是如何产生的？在虚拟团队中，紧急的虚拟团队领导如何解决相互冲突的义务？边界对象在跨文化语境中是如何使用的？当团队成员来自不同的国家，代表不同的文化和实践标准时，领导风格和实践社区的形成是如何变化的？这些问题将在三个独立的实验中探讨，采用多方法的方法，包括民族志观察，社会和互动网络分析，以及用户反思。他们将参与国际活动，包括美国、印度和芬兰的工程研究生，以及在工业测试案例中使用CyberGRID的工业参与者。本研究将利用计算思维开发一种新的研究工具，以改变全球虚拟团队的研究方式，并将化身-对象交互与网络分析联系起来，以改变全球虚拟团队知识系统建模的方法。CyberGRID网工具将在实验中用于扩展知识系统动力学理论以及虚拟团队网络形成和领导理论。这项研究可能会导致设计教育学的根本转变，进而可以提供新的令人兴奋的工程职业道路。这项研究还可能改善工程公司和政策制定者的战略，他们担心美国工程师在全球劳动力中的领导作用。

This research entails: (1) CyberGRID Net - developing a research data collection and analysis tool integrated into an existing global virtual engineering team working environment, and (2) CyberGRID Networks - utilizing that tool to develop fundamental insights into how globally distributed engineering teams enact complex design work together and with affordances in the virtual environment. The CyberGRID Net will be a research tool that augments an existing virtual environment developed by the investigators for global design work. It will extend current pedagogical tool functionality with the following research-oriented features: (1) the existing TeamWall model-sharing display will detect and track locations of object referencing actions (e.g., pointing to a feature in a design) and functionality will be added for participants to self-indicate when phenomena of research interest occur, (2) virtual environment recordings will be time-stamped when researcher-specified interactions take place, (3) avatar-avatar and avatar-object interactions will be detected along with metadata about the interaction, and (4) functionality will be added for collaborative discussion, data analysis and annotation across a global virtual research team.In a series of experiments, the CyberGRID Net research infrastructure will be used to engage critical organizational research questions: How are Building Information Models (BIM) in the virtual environment used as a boundary objects to resolve conflicts in the knowledge system of global virtual engineering teams? How do conflicts emerge in avatar-avatar interactions? How are conflicting obligations resolved in virtual teams by emergent virtual team leaders? How are boundary objects used in a cross-cultural context? How do leadership styles and community of practice formation vary when team members come from different countries representing different cultures and standards of practice? These questions will be explored in three separate experiments employing a multi-method approach which includes ethnographic observation, social and interaction network analyses, and user reflection. They will involve international activities and will include graduate engineering students in the U.S., India and Finland, as well as industrial participants utilizing the CyberGRID in an industrial test case.This research will utilize computational thinking to develop a new research tool to transform the way global virtual teams are researched, and to link avatar-object interactions into network analyses to transform approaches to modeling knowledge systems in global virtual teams. The CyberGRID Net tool will be used in experiments to expand knowledge system dynamics theory as well as theories of virtual team network formation and leadership. This research may lead to fundamental transformations in design pedagogy which, in turn, can provide new exciting engineering career paths. The research may also improve strategies of engineering firms and policymakers concerned about the leadership role of U.S. engineers in the global workforce.