Multiple migration strategies in sympatric Painted Buntings - behavioral plasticity or genetic divergence?

同域彩鹀的多种迁徙策略——行为可塑性还是遗传差异？

• 批准号: 0946685
• 负责人: Eli Bridge
• 金额: $ 28.55万
• 依托单位: University of Oklahoma Norman Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-15 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0946685&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Multiple; migration; strategies; sympatric; Painted

Migration is a way for animals to take advantage of predictable changes in food availability. It is unclear how migrants will respond to the changes in the seasonality of food abundance that are caused by global change. Predicting how global change will affect migrant populations requires knowing how unique migration strategies arise and persist, which in turn requires an intense focus on populations where multiple migration strategies exist. However, local populations that harbor such variation are extremely rare. One such population exists in Painted Buntings (Passerina ciris). Based on chemical analyses of feathers, it appears that about half the birds molt in a single dry location while a significant minority appear to initiate molt in a more moist location. This project will track the locations of individual birds through their annual cycle by using a small geolocation device (0.7g). The project will reveal factors that enable different migration strategies to co-exist within populations and it will evaluate the carry-over impacts of these strategies on the reproductive success of migrants. The tiny geolocators developed for this project will improve scientific research by greatly expanding the range of animal body sizes for which it is possible to track movements. A Ph.D. student will be trained to pioneer the combined use of stable isotope ratios and geolocators to track migrants while gaining significant international experience. The project will also provide significant training opportunities for a Post-doc and a second graduate student. The researchers will expand their ongoing educational collaborations with public schools and local zoos to include technological aspects of animal tracking and Painted Bunting migration.

迁徙是动物利用可预测的食物供应变化的一种方式。 目前还不清楚移民将如何应对全球变化造成的食物丰富的季节性变化。 要预测全球变化将如何影响移民人口，就需要了解独特的移民战略是如何产生和持续的，这反过来又需要高度关注存在多种移民战略的人口。然而，具有这种变异的当地种群是极其罕见的。一个这样的人口存在于画Buntings（Passerina cris）。根据对羽毛的化学分析，似乎大约有一半的鸟类在单一的干燥地点换羽，而少数鸟类似乎在更潮湿的地点开始换羽。 该项目将通过使用小型地理定位设备（0.7g）跟踪单个鸟类的位置，通过它们的年度周期。该项目将揭示使不同移徙战略能够在人口中共存的因素，并将评价这些战略对移徙者生殖成功的影响。为该项目开发的微型地理定位器将大大扩大可以跟踪运动的动物体型范围，从而改善科学研究。博士学位学生将接受培训，以率先综合使用稳定同位素比率和地理定位器来跟踪移民，同时获得重要的国际经验。该项目还将为一名博士后和第二名研究生提供重要的培训机会。研究人员将扩大他们与公立学校和当地动物园正在进行的教育合作，包括动物跟踪和彩旗迁移的技术方面。