ETBC: Teleconnections in the earth system: Nutrient subsidies and fire prone ecosystems

ETBC：地球系统中的远程连接：营养补贴和易发生火灾的生态系统

• 批准号: 0950086
• 负责人: Lara Prihodko
• 金额: $ 13.5万
• 依托单位: Colorado State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2012-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0950086&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: ETBC; Teleconnections; earth; system; Nutrient

African savannas burn more frequently than any other biome worldwide, with average annual carbon emissions from fires representing ~38% of the global total. Of the many elements emitted in biomass burning, two of the most interesting are nitrogen and phosphorus because of their important role in ecosystem biogeochemical cycles. However, their fate following fires is poorly understood. This research will examine patterns of pyrogenic (fire-related) nutrient emissions, atmospheric transport and nutrient deposition across Africa to explore the extent to which fires and transport move nutrients among spatially remote regions of the continent. Field measurements in Mali, West Africa of nitrogen and phosphorous deposition during a full annual cycle will provide initial validation of an atmospheric transport model, and will be used to explore potential chemical markers for pyrogenic nitrogen and phosphorous deposition in African savanna ecosystems. Complementary measurements of vegetation and soil nutrient limitation status will also be made. More than in most places around the world, the human populations of Africa are expected to experience deleterious effects from global climate change. This research will explore interactions between ecosystems, land-cover changes and biogeochemical cycles that may impact ecosystem sustainability and agricultural productivity now, and into the future. Further, the results of this research will provide new insights on fire-mediated nutrient cycling for other fire-prone ecosystems worldwide. The project will also foster new collaborative relationships with international partners in Mali.

非洲稀树草原比世界上任何其他生物群落都更频繁地燃烧，平均每年火灾产生的碳排放量约占全球总量的38%。 在生物质燃烧排放的许多元素中，最令人感兴趣的两种是氮和磷，因为它们在生态系统地球化学循环中起着重要作用。 然而，人们对它们在火灾后的命运知之甚少。 这项研究将检查非洲各地的热源（与火灾相关的）营养物质排放、大气传输和营养物质沉积的模式，以探索火灾和传输在非洲大陆偏远地区移动营养物质的程度。在西非马里对一个完整的年度周期内氮和磷沉降的实地测量将为大气传输模型提供初步验证，并将用于探索非洲稀树草原生态系统中热解氮和磷沉降的潜在化学标志。还将对植被和土壤养分限制状况进行补充测量。 预计非洲人口将比世界上大多数地方更容易受到全球气候变化的有害影响。这项研究将探讨生态系统，土地覆盖变化和生物地球化学循环之间的相互作用，可能会影响生态系统的可持续性和农业生产力现在和未来。 此外，这项研究的结果将为全球其他易发生火灾的生态系统提供有关火灾介导的营养循环的新见解。 该项目还将促进与马里的国际伙伴建立新的合作关系。