CAREER: Fundamental Studies of Condensation Phenomena on Heterogeneous and Hierarchical Nanoengineered Surfaces

职业：异质和分层纳米工程表面凝聚现象的基础研究

• 批准号: 0952564
• 负责人: Kripa Varanasi
• 金额: $ 40万
• 依托单位: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-02-01 至 2015-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0952564&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Fundamental; Studies; Condensation; Phenomena

0952564VaranasiThis CAREER project seeks to advance research and education programs in thermal-fluid-surface interactions involving nanoengineered surfaces with an emphasis on condensation phenomena. Using experimental and analytical approaches, the research program seeks to understand how atomistic and nanoscale properties of surfaces ultimately define macroscale heat and mass transport properties during phase change. The studies could lead to new, nanoengineered surfaces that might fundamentally alter condensation phenomena pertinent to various industries including but not limited to energy, water, agriculture and transportation.Intellectual Merit: Both the wettability and morphology of a surface play dominant roles in phase change transport phenomena. This project address both issues. First, the existing theories regarding intrinsic wettability and wetting hysteresis are only useful to analyze wetting properties of a given surface. They cannot answer the question of what fundamental material properties govern the intrinsic wettability of a surface. As a result, material choice for active surfaces is typically based on a trial-and-error approach. This project will establish a fundamental understanding of the atomistic and electronic-structure properties that govern intrinsic wettability and wetting hysteresis using both quantum mechanical calculations and unique experimental techniques to enable engineers to design new classes of durable materials with desired wetting properties. Second, although wetting studies involving micro- and nanostructured surfaces have been conducted for some time, investigation of condensation on nanostructured surfaces is uncommon. Moreover, the influence of hierarchical structures and wetting heterogeneities on condensation at the nanoscale has not been explored. This project will lead to new surfaces that are designed to control nucleation, growth, and dynamic wetting phenomena. Broader Impacts: Phase change phenomena are ubiquitous in the energy and water industries. These engineering systems have been designed using incremental approaches that are bound by the fundamental constraint of the nature of the thermal-fluid-surface interaction where the largest inefficiencies occur. This research could eliminate these age-old constraints for transformational efficiency gains in various industries. The educational and outreach activities of the program will target participants at various levels: undergraduate students, especially from underrepresented minorities and women, will be actively engaged in research. Summer training workshops for K-12 teachers and students will be provided. Graduate students will be an integral part of the program. New discoveries will be disseminated through technical publication and integrated into a new interdisciplinary course on nanoengineered surfaces. Outreach to industry and technology transfer will be conducted through shorter, fast-paced summer courses. These educational activities will be crucial in equipping the next generation of scientists and engineers with expertise in the combined areas of nanoengineering, surface science, and thermal-fluid science to address global challenges involving energy, water, and agriculture.

0952564 VaranasiThis CAREER项目旨在推进涉及纳米工程表面的热流体表面相互作用的研究和教育计划，重点是冷凝现象。使用实验和分析方法，该研究计划旨在了解表面的原子和纳米级性质如何最终定义相变过程中的宏观传热和传质性质。这些研究可能导致新的纳米工程表面，可能从根本上改变冷凝现象有关的各种行业，包括但不限于能源，水，农业和transportation.Intellectual优点：表面的润湿性和形态在相变传输现象中起主导作用。这个项目解决了这两个问题。首先，现有的理论关于固有的润湿性和润湿滞后是有用的，仅用于分析一个给定的表面的润湿性能。他们不能回答的问题是什么基本的材料属性管理的内在润湿性的表面。因此，有源表面的材料选择通常基于试错法。该项目将建立原子和电子结构属性的基本理解，这些属性使用量子力学计算和独特的实验技术来控制固有的润湿性和润湿滞后，使工程师能够设计具有所需润湿性能的新型耐用材料。第二，虽然润湿研究涉及微米和纳米结构的表面已经进行了一段时间，调查的冷凝纳米结构的表面是罕见的。此外，分级结构和润湿不均匀性的影响，在纳米级的冷凝还没有被探索。该项目将导致新的表面，旨在控制成核，生长和动态润湿现象。更广泛的影响：相变现象在能源和水行业中无处不在。这些工程系统已被设计使用增量的方法，是由热流体表面相互作用的性质，其中最大的低效率发生的基本约束的约束。这项研究可以消除这些古老的制约因素，促进各行业的转型效率提高。该方案的教育和外联活动将针对各级参与者：本科生，特别是代表性不足的少数民族和妇女，将积极参与研究。将为K-12教师和学生提供暑期培训讲习班。研究生将是该计划的一个组成部分。新的发现将通过技术出版物传播，并纳入一个新的跨学科课程的纳米工程表面。将通过短期、快节奏的夏季课程，与工业界和技术转让进行外联。这些教育活动对于为下一代科学家和工程师提供纳米工程、表面科学和热流体科学等综合领域的专业知识至关重要，以应对涉及能源、水和农业的全球挑战。