CAREER: Rational Language Processing with Uncertain and Noisy Input

职业：具有不确定性和噪声输入的理性语言处理

• 批准号: 0953870
• 负责人: Roger Levy
• 金额: $ 50.15万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-04-15 至 2016-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0953870&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Rational; Language; Processing; Uncertain

This CAREER award investigates how humans integrate a wide variety of information sources to achieve rapid, accurate natural language comprehension subject to the physical and cognitive constraints under which it takes place. The project's primary empirical focus is on reading, a mode of information exchange of unexceeded importance in literate societies. Reading involves a rapid sequence of targeted eye movements throughout a text -- recordable through modern eye-tracking technology -- from which noisy sensory input are obtained and integrated with prior knowledge to resolve perceptual and linguistic uncertainty. The central goal of this project is thus to develop, implement, and test a computational model of language comprehension and eye movement control in reading built on principles of probabilistic inference and rational action, using the tools of natural language processing (NLP) technology, reinforcement learning, and behavioral psycholinguistic experimentation.The success of this project is likely to have major impact in the field of human sentence processing, bringing a new level of nuance and detail to both theory and data analysis, and will bear on broad current debates in cognitive science regarding rationality in cognition. Additionally, the results of this basic research project have a wide range of potential applications ranging from intelligent tutoring technology to language-impairment diagnosis to cognitive ergonomics. Together with this research program, the project involves an educational program including a new textbook on probabilistic models in the study of language, new undergraduate and graduate courses, and tutorials and courses on computational psycholinguistics at major conferences and summer institutes.This CAREER award is co-funded by two directorates:: CISE/IIS and SBE/BCS.

该奖项旨在研究人类如何在物理和认知限制下整合各种信息源，以实现快速、准确的自然语言理解。该项目的主要经验重点是阅读，这是一种在识字社会中具有无与伦比重要性的信息交换模式。阅读涉及到贯穿文本的一系列快速的有针对性的眼球运动——可通过现代眼球追踪技术记录——从中获得嘈杂的感官输入，并将其与先前的知识相结合，以解决感知和语言的不确定性。因此，该项目的中心目标是开发、实施和测试一个基于概率推理和理性行为原则的阅读语言理解和眼动控制的计算模型，使用自然语言处理（NLP）技术、强化学习和行为心理语言学实验的工具。该项目的成功可能会对人类句子处理领域产生重大影响，将理论和数据分析的细微差别和细节提高到一个新的水平，并将对当前认知科学中关于认知合理性的广泛争论产生影响。此外，这个基础研究项目的成果具有广泛的潜在应用范围，从智能辅导技术到语言障碍诊断到认知人体工程学。与此研究计划一起，该项目还包括一个教育计划，包括编写语言研究中概率模型的新教科书，开设新的本科和研究生课程，以及在主要会议和暑期学院开设关于计算心理语言学的教程和课程。该职业奖由CISE/IIS和SBE/BCS两个理事会共同资助。