EAGER: Towards Complete MAV Control Using Arrays of Synthetic Jets: Preliminary Study

该项目通过使用精心分布的零净质量通量（ZNMF）合成射流驱动器阵列，研究了在多风城市环境中运行的固定翼微型飞行器（MAV）的流动/飞行控制系统的开发。提供了对目标情景的详细分析，作为拟议工作的主要动机。确定了MAV的流动、飞行稳定性和推进力等关键问题。本文提出了一种高保真的数值方法来解决以下几个基本问题：(1)合成射流微流的精确建模，包括尺度效应；(2)阐明合成射流在低雷诺数下控制高度分离非定常MAV流的有效性；(3)研究在未来多学科设计优化研究中使用合成射流降阶模型的可能性。此外，项目工作还包括监督学生团队开发Matlab Simulink环境，用于设计受控的MAV飞行包线，该环境使用具有定制相位对准和频率的合成射流阵列的低阶表示，以产生足够的力和力矩。这项工作将为后续在MAV流动、飞行稳定性和推力控制建模、多学科设计优化、微制造以及最终的飞行器原型测试等方面的合作奠定基础。推进微型飞行器飞行控制技术的发展，解决相互作用的射流微流和高度非定常的分离放牧宏观流的基本流动控制问题，确保本科生和研究生积极参与具有挑战性的设计任务，是本方案的主要智力优势。作为一项教育价值，计划中的活动将通过引入新的高级主题，重点是微型飞行器系统的分析，设计和优化，大大增强所提供的设计课程。就其更广泛的影响而言，综合计划将有助于在以教学为主的大学中创造一个研究团队环境，将使大量本科生（包括女性和少数民族）参与高级研究项目，并将为拟议的多大学合作努力铺平道路，包括模拟和设计配备合成喷气机阵列的MAV原型，以完全控制车辆。

The project investigates the development of flow/flight control system for a fixed-wing micro air vehicle (MAV) operating in a gusty urban environment, by using a carefully distributed array of zero-net-mass-flux (ZNMF) synthetic-jet actuators. A detailed analysis of a target scenario is provided as the primary motivation for the proposed efforts. Critical issues in the MAV flow, flight stability and propulsion MAV are identified. A high-fidelity numerical approach is proposed for addressing a number of fundamental issues related to (i) accurate modeling of synthetic jet micro-flows including scaling effects, (ii) elucidating effectiveness of synthetic jets for control of highly separated unsteady MAV flows at low Reynolds numbers, and (iii) examining the possibility of using reduced-order models of synthetic jets for future multi-disciplinary design optimization studies. Additionally, the project efforts include supervision of student teams in developing a Matlab Simulink environment for design of controlled MAV flight envelope using low-order representation of arrays of synthetic jets with tailored phase alignment and frequencies to produce adequate forces and moments. This work will lay foundation for follow-up collaborative efforts on MAV flow, flight stability and thrust control modeling, multi-disciplinary design optimization, micro-manufacturing, and eventual testing of the vehicle prototype. Advancing the state-of-the-art of the micro air vehicle flight control technology, addressing fundamental flow control issues at the level of interacting jet micro flows and highly unsteady, separated grazing macro flows, and ensuring strong participation of undergraduate and graduate students in challenging design tasks constitute the primary intellectual merits of the proposed plan. As an educational merit, the planned activities will significantly enhance the offered design curriculum by introducing new advanced topics with focus on analysis, design, and optimization of micro air vehicle systems. In its broader impact, the integrated plan will contribute to creating a research team environment in the predominantly teaching university, will involve a significant number of undergraduate (including female and minority) students in advanced research projects, and will pave the way to the proposed multi-university collaboration effort involving simulations and design of a MAV prototype equipped with arrays of synthetic jets for complete control of the vehicle.