Collaborative Research: Filling the Triassic geochronologic gap: A continuous cored record of continental environmental change in western North America

合作研究：填补三叠纪地质年代空白：北美西部大陆环境变化的连续岩芯记录

• 批准号: 0958915
• 负责人: Randall Irmis
• 金额: $ 8.06万
• 依托单位: University of Utah
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-15 至 2018-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0958915&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Filling; Triassic; geochronologic

Collaborative Research: Filling the Triassic Geochronologic Gap: A Continuous Cored Record of Continental Environmental Change in Western North America.Paul Olsen, Lamont-Dougherty, EAR-0958976George Gehrels, University of Arizona, EAR-0959107Randall Irmis, University of Utah, Ear-0958915Dennis Kent, Rutgers University, EAR-0958859Roland Mundil, Berkeley Geochronology Laboratory, EAR-0958723ABSTRACTThe Triassic Period was punctuated by two of the largest mass-extinctions of all time and witnessed the evolution of most elements of the modern biota, as well as the advent of the age of the dinosaurs. One of the richest archives of the biotic and environmental changes on land for this period is on the Colorado Plateau, which despite over 100 years of study still remains poorly calibrated in time and poorly registered to the rest of the global record. To provide this desiderata, we will drill a continuous a ~500 m core through nearly the entire Triassic age section (Chinle and Moenkopi formations) at Petrified Forest National Park (PFNP), Arizona, USA, one of the most famous and best studied successions of the continental Triassic on Earth. A continuous sampling (core) is needed to place this spectacular record in a reliable quantitative and exportable time scale, which has proved impractical in outcrop. The Petrified Forest core will provide a quantitatively sound reference section in which magnetostratigraphic, geochronologic, environmental, and paleontologic data are registered to a common thickness scale with unambiguous superposition and will provide pristine unweathered samples. With such a reference section in hand the entire voluminous assemblage of outcrop data from the PFNP and the surrounding region can be integrated into the global framework. The hole will be deviated 30° from vertical to provide core-bedding orientation intersections for an azimuthal guide; additionally, the orientation of the core will be registered to the hole wall using whole-core-scans and compass-oriented acoustic and optical televiewer images and dipmeter surveys. Core orientation will facilitate the recovery of a high-resolution magnetic polarity stratigraphy for correlation to the fossil-rich outcrop sections. The polarity sequence will be calibrated by a series of high-precision U-Pb zircon dates obtained from discrete levels in the core, and will provide critical data to fill the geochronologic gap in global terrestrial and marine time scales for the Late Triassic. The age-calibrated chronostratigraphy of the PFNP core will be used to address major issues of early Mesozoic biotic and environmental change. These include whether marine and continental biotic turnover events in the Late Triassic were coupled; was the largest magnitude faunal turnover event on land during the Late Triassic synchronous with the giant Manicouagan impact; Is the NSF-funded Newark basin astronomically-calibrated time scale consistent with high precision U-Pb zircon age data from the Chinle Formation; and was the cyclical climate change recorded in the Newark basin lacustrine record paced by Milankovitch climate change? In addition to the science generated by the core and its integration into the local and global environmental and biotic framework, the project will have a major education and outreach component. The Petrified Forest National Park is a major tourist destination, averaging 600,000 visitors a year. We plan to leverage this huge resource by developing a permanent exhibit on the coring project and its important scientific results for the park. We will involve numerous student groups during the actual coring activities, including Native American geoscience concentrators at The University of New Mexico/Gallup and K-12 students from throughout the Gallup area. In addition, we will sponsor several workshops at the Park and will reach out to the general public for their participation. The project involves six co-PIs from different institutions and will last 24 months and is intended to provide an initial synopsis of basic stratigraphic, logging, magnetic polarity, and geochronologic data for utilization by the international scientific community for further research and integration with other studies, as well as a major platform for outreach, and a better understanding of how the modern world came to be.

合作研究：填补三叠纪的年代学差距：北美西部大陆环境变化的连续记录。 EAR-0958859Roland Mundil，伯克利地球人工学实验室，EAR-0958723ABSTRATS，三叠纪时期被有史以来最大的两个质量灭绝的时期打断，并见证了现代生物的大多数元素的演变，以及恐龙的时代的发展。在这一时期，土地上生物变化和环境变化的最富有的档案之一是在科罗拉多高原，该目的地超过100年的研究时间仍保持不变，并且在全球记录中的其余记录中登记不佳。为了提供这种渴望，我们将在美国亚利桑那州石化森林国家公园（PFNP）的几乎整个三叠纪年龄段（Chinle和Moenkopi地层）中钻出一个〜500 m的核心，美国亚利桑那州，美国亚利桑那州，是地球上连续的Triassic的最著名和最佳的研究结构。需要连续采样（核心）将这一壮观的记录放在可靠的定量和可导出的时间尺度中，这在露头中被证明是不切实际的。石化的森林核心将提供一个数量合理的参考部分，其中磁性，年代学，环境和古生物学数据以明确的叠加注册为共同的厚度量表，并将提供原始的不受欢迎的样品。借助此参考部分，可以将PFNP和周围区域的露头数据的整个大量组合整合到全局框架中。该孔将从垂直方向偏离30°，以提供方位角指南的核心层次取向相交。此外，核心的方向将使用全核扫描和面向指南的声学和光学电视观者图像和二级计调查将核心的方向注册到孔墙上。核心方向将有助于恢复高分辨率的磁性层次学，以与富化石露头截面相关。极性序列将通过从核心中离散水平获得的一系列高精度U-PB锆石日期来校准，并将提供关键数据，以填补晚期三叠纪的全球陆地和海洋时间尺度中的年代学差距。 PFNP核心的年龄校准的年度地层学将用于解决中生代早期生物和环境变化的主要问题。其中包括晚期三叠纪的海洋和连续生物周转事件是否耦合；是在三叠纪晚期同步与巨大的Manicouagan撞击期间，在陆地上最大的动物转移事件。是NSF资助的Newark盆地天文校准的时间尺度与Chinle形成的高精度U-PB锆石年龄数据一致； Milankovitch气候变化节奏节奏的纽瓦克盆地湖湖唱片中是否记录了周期性的气候变化？除了核心及其融入本地和全球环境和生物框架的科学外，该项目还将具有主要的教育和外展部分。石化森林国家公园是主要的旅游胜地，平均每年有60万游客。我们计划通过开发有关Coring项目的永久展览及其对公园的重要科学结果来利用这一巨大资源。我们将在实际的加油活动中参与众多学生团体，包括新墨西哥大学/盖尔普大学的美国原住民地球科学精力，以及来自盖洛普地区的K-12学生。此外，我们还将在公园赞助几个研讨会，并将与公众参与。该项目涉及来自不同机构的六个Co-Pis，将持续24个月，旨在提供基本地层，伐木，磁性极性和地球文学数据的初步提要，以利用国际科学界利用，以进一步研究和其他研究的进一步研究和整合，以及对现代世界的更好地了解现代世界。