Increased Earning Dispersions and Labor Market Productivity

收入差距扩大和劳动力市场生产力提高

• 批准号: 0961565
• 负责人: Arthur Sakamoto
• 金额: $ 12.67万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at Austin
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-03-01 至 2012-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0961565&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Increased; Earning; Dispersions; Labor; Market

SES-0961565Arthur SakamotoUniversity of Texas, AustinChangHwan KimUniversity of KansasThis research will provide insight into the nature of rising inequality in the American labor force by investigating patterns of labor market productivity and earnings differentials during the past several decades. Using official data on employment, earnings, and productivity in manufacturing industries, this investigation will study the extent to which increased earnings inequalities are associated with improved productivity or, conversely, may be simply aggrandizing the higher salaries of already privileged employees with greater bargaining power which thereby depletes revenues for pay raises among less advantaged workers. The findings will thus shed light on the critical issue of whether rising inequality is necessary to avoid economic stagnation or whether the decline of the middle-class is simply the result of exacerbating salary differentials that do not commensurately promote economic growth.Understanding the extent and sources of underpayment and overpayment in the labor market will inform and advance public policy debates about the efficacies of current programs and laws relating to the regulation of the labor force. By identifying which specific groups of workers are not fully compensated for their productivity (and which groups may be significantly overpaid), the results will have important implications for such issues as the minimum wage, the Earned Income Tax Credit, federal income tax rates, industrial and trade policies, family-leave regulations, welfare reform, affirmative action, civil rights law, and immigration legislation.

SES-0961565亚瑟坂本大学，奥斯汀堪萨斯大学金昌焕这项研究将通过调查过去几十年来劳动力市场生产率和收入差异的模式，深入了解美国劳动力不平等加剧的本质。本调查将使用制造业就业、收入和生产率的官方数据，研究收入不平等的增加在多大程度上与生产率的提高有关，或者相反，可能只是夸大了本来就享有特权的雇员的更高工资，从而耗尽了收入，使收入较低的工人加薪。因此，研究结果将揭示一个关键问题，即不平等的加剧是否是避免经济停滞的必要条件，或者中产阶级的衰落是否是一个重要因素。阶级只是加剧工资差异的结果，而工资差异并不能直接促进经济增长。了解劳动力市场上工资过低和过高的程度和来源，将为关于现行计划和法律效力的公共政策辩论提供信息和推动关于劳动力的管理。通过确定哪些特定的工人群体没有得到充分的生产力补偿（以及哪些群体的工资可能过高），结果将对最低工资、劳动所得税抵免、联邦所得税率、工业和贸易政策、家庭休假规定、福利改革、平权行动、民权法和移民立法等问题产生重要影响。