SHINE: Separating the Dynamic and Quiescent Corona: A New Tool for the Detection and Analysis of Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs)

SHINE：分离动态和静态日冕：检测和分析日冕物质抛射 (CME) 的新工具

• 批准号: 0962716
• 负责人: Huw Morgan
• 金额: $ 41.61万
• 依托单位: University of Hawaii
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-05-01 至 2014-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0962716&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SHINE; Separating; Dynamic; Quiescent; Corona

The team will investigate the dynamic restructuring of the magnetic field and plasma within coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and background solar corona, as CME disturbances propagate and expand through the heliosphere. In this study, the Principal Investigator (PI) will exploit a recently developed technique which enables, for the first time, the isolation of a CME signal from the background corona in space-based and ground-based coronagraph images at fine resolution. By clearly separating the CME disturbance from ambient coronal plasma structures, the PI's team expects to determine the response of the coronal magnetic field and heliospheric plasma to such disturbances. Using this new method, the PI will greatly improve the detection and classification of CME events, from large CMEs down to faint plasma blobs at the level of instrumental noise, enabling a more detailed statistical study of CMEs. He will also be able to create 3D plasma density maps of the corona over a solar cycle, and such maps will be extremely useful for coronal modeling, for interpreting heliospheric plasma observations, and for direct study of the height of the corona and its temporal evolution.This investigation of the initiation and propagation of CMEs will increase our understanding of the fundamental properties of astrophysical shock development and propagation in general, and enable the development of predictive tools for when CME disturbances could have a significant impact on the Earth's space environment. The PI's online CME database will be made accessible to the public, with special sections designed for explaining to non-scientists the nature of CMEs and their potential impact on the Earth. The techniques developed here for CME separation and detection will be useful to the wider image processing community.

该团队将研究日冕物质抛射（CME）和背景日冕中磁场和等离子体的动态重组，因为日冕物质抛射扰动在日光层中传播和扩展。在这项研究中，首席研究员 (PI) 将利用一项最近开发的技术，首次能够以高分辨率从天基和地基日冕图像中的背景日冕中分离出日冕物质抛射信号。通过将日冕物质抛射扰动与周围的日冕等离子体结构清晰地分开，首席研究员的团队希望确定日冕磁场和日光层等离子体对此类扰动的响应。使用这种新方法，PI 将极大地改进 CME 事件的检测和分类，从大型 CME 到仪器噪声水平的微弱等离子体斑点，从而能够对 CME 进行更详细的统计研究。他还能够创建太阳周期内日冕的 3D 等离子体密度图，这些图对于日冕建模、解释日光层等离子体观测以及直接研究日冕高度及其时间演化非常有用。这项对日冕物质抛射的引发和传播的研究将增加我们对天体物理激波发展和传播的基本特性的理解，并使我们能够 开发预测工具，以预测日冕物质抛射扰动何时会对地球空间环境产生重大影响。 PI 的在线日冕物质抛射数据库将向公众开放，其中有专门的部分旨在向非科学家解释日冕物质抛射的性质及其对地球的潜在影响。这里开发的 CME 分离和检测技术将对更广泛的图像处理社区有用。