Dissertation Research: Variation in the effects of mycorrhizal fungi on plant resistance to herbivores

论文研究:菌根真菌对植物抗食草动物影响的变化

基本信息

项目摘要

Intellectual merit: Nearly all biological organisms form partnerships with other species in which they trade resources or services: such partnerships are called mutualisms. Mutualisms incur costs as well as provide benefits to the organisms involved and the net outcome of the partnerships can vary from positive (mutualistic) to negative (parasitic). Quantifying the costs and benefits of resource exchange within mutualisms is required to predict shifts in the outcome of these interactions under a range of environmental conditions. One of the most common mutualisms on earth occurs between the roots of plants and certain fungi that live in soil. The fungi provide essential nutrients to plants, such as phosphorus and nitrogen, while plants provide the fungi with sugars in return. As these resources are traded, it can influence other organisms in the environment, such as the insects that feed on plants. At present, scientists are unable to predict how the outcome of plant-fungal partnerships will vary with the identity and abundance of the fungi in soil and the genetics of the plants. The proposed work will manipulate the identity and abundance of the partners in plant-fungus mutualisms and measure how resources are traded between them. By studying how well the partners perform, the project will help scientists understand how partnerships form and dissolve in nature.Broader impacts: Scientists have yet to develop realistic theories of how mutualisms work, despite the fact that they are extremely common in nature. Results from this work will be broadly applied by ecologists and evolutionary biologists who work on many different kinds of organisms throughout the world. Moreover, results gained from studying mutualisms between plants and fungi can be used in a wide variety of human endeavors including agricultural and forest production, the restoration of degraded environments, the prediction and management of environmental change, and the management of invasive species. Additionally, mutualistic partnerships in nature are mimics of economic partnerships among human institutions in which goods and services are traded, and the results will apply across human and natural systems. During the work described here, scientists from a range of social and ethnic backgrounds will be trained in the methods of science. Finally, results from this work will be transmitted to local, national and international audiences through publications and presentations.
智力优势:几乎所有的生物体都与其他物种结成伙伴关系,在其中进行资源或服务交易:这种伙伴关系被称为互惠互利。互惠会产生成本,也会给所涉有机体带来好处,伙伴关系的净结果可能是积极的(互惠的),也可能是消极的(寄生的)。为了预测在一系列环境条件下这些相互作用的结果的变化,需要量化互惠互利的资源交换的成本和收益。地球上最常见的互惠关系之一发生在植物的根和某些生活在土壤中的真菌之间。真菌为植物提供必需的营养,如磷和氮,而植物为真菌提供糖作为回报。当这些资源被交易时,它会影响环境中的其他生物,比如以植物为食的昆虫。目前,科学家们无法预测植物-真菌伙伴关系的结果将如何随着土壤中真菌的身份和丰度以及植物的遗传而变化。这项拟议的工作将操纵植物-真菌互惠关系中伙伴的身份和丰富性,并衡量它们之间的资源交易方式。通过研究伴侣的表现如何,该项目将帮助科学家了解伙伴关系是如何在自然界中形成和消失的。更广泛的影响:科学家们还没有开发出关于互惠关系如何工作的现实理论,尽管它们在自然界中非常常见。这项工作的结果将被生态学家和进化生物学家广泛应用,他们在世界各地研究许多不同种类的生物体。此外,植物和真菌之间相互作用的研究结果可以用于人类的各种努力,包括农业和林业生产、退化环境的恢复、环境变化的预测和管理以及入侵物种的管理。此外,互惠伙伴关系本质上是对商品和服务交易的人类机构之间的经济伙伴关系的模仿,其结果将适用于人类和自然系统。在这里描述的工作中,来自不同社会和种族背景的科学家将接受科学方法方面的培训。最后,这项工作的成果将通过出版物和演示文稿传递给当地、国家和国际受众。

项目成果

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Mark Hunter其他文献

New Avenues for Structure Determination of Membrane Proteins
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.bpj.2011.11.029
  • 发表时间:
    2012-01-31
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
  • 作者:
    Petra Fromme;Mark Hunter;Christopher Kupitz;Richard Kirian;Raimund Fromme;Anton Barty;Ingo Grotjohann;Garth Simpson;Mathias Frank;Katherina Dorner;Thomas White;Andrew Aquilla;Schlichting Ilme;Henry Chapman;John H.C. Spence
  • 通讯作者:
    John H.C. Spence
Authentic Enzyme Intermediates Captured “on-the-fly” by Mix-and-Inject Serial Crystallography
通过混合和注射连续晶体学“即时”捕获真实的酶中间体
  • DOI:
    10.1101/202432
  • 发表时间:
    2017
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Jose Olmos;S. Pandey;J. Martin;George D. Calvey;Andrea Katz;Juray Knoska;Christopher Kupitz;Mark Hunter;M. Liang;D. Oberthuer;O. Yefanov;M. Wiedorn;Michael Heyman;Mark Holl;Kanupriya Pande;A. Barty;Mitchell D. Miller;S. Stern;Shatabdi Roy;J. Coe;Nirupa Nagaratnam;James D. Zook;Jacob Verburgt;Tyler Norwood;I. Poudyal;David Xu;J. Koglin;Matt Seaberg;Yun Zhao;S. Bajt;Thomas D. Grant;V. Mariani;G. Nelson;Ganesh Subramanian;Euiyoung Bae;R. Fromme;R. Fung;P. Schwander;Matthias Frank;Thomas A. White;U. Weierstall;N. Zatsepin;John C. H. Spence;Petra Fromme;H. Chapman;Lois Pollack;Lee Tremblay;Abbas Ourmazd;George N Phillips;Marius Schmidt
  • 通讯作者:
    Marius Schmidt
Ethnographies of Power
权力的民族志
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2023
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Melanie;Hunter;Mark;Chari;Sharad;Samson;Mark Hunter
  • 通讯作者:
    Mark Hunter
Earth's Field Spectroscopy
地球场光谱学
Structural basis of rapid inactivation of HERG potassium channels
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.bpj.2022.11.2409
  • 发表时间:
    2023-02-10
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
  • 作者:
    Carus Lau;Emelie Flood;Mark Hunter;Karen Corbett;Chai Ng;James Bouwer;Alastair Stewart;Eduardo Perozo;Toby W. Allen;Jamie Vandenberg
  • 通讯作者:
    Jamie Vandenberg

Mark Hunter的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Mark Hunter', 18)}}的其他基金

DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Consequences of environmentally-mediated resistance and immunity for disease dynamics in a changing world
论文研究:环境介导的抵抗力和免疫对不断变化的世界中疾病动态的影响
  • 批准号:
    1701450
  • 财政年份:
    2017
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.45万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Influence of below-ground species interactions on dynamics above ground: Trait-mediated indirect effects from soils to parasites of leaf-feeding herbivores
合作研究:地下物种相互作用对地上动态的影响:土壤对食叶食草动物寄生虫的性状介导的间接影响
  • 批准号:
    1256115
  • 财政年份:
    2013
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.45万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
OPUS: Trophic Interactions, Plant Quality, and the Integration of Above and Belowground Processes
OPUS:营养相互作用、植物质量以及地上和地下过程的整合
  • 批准号:
    1144922
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.45万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research. Geographic Variation in Plant-Herbivore-Parasite Interactions: Self-Medication in Monarch Butterflies
合作研究。
  • 批准号:
    1019527
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.45万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Whose Phenotype is it Anyway? The Complex Role of Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Expression of Plant Defense
到底是谁的表型?
  • 批准号:
    0814340
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.45万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Ecological Circuitry Collaboratory
合作研究:生态电路合作实验室
  • 批准号:
    0404876
  • 财政年份:
    2004
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.45万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Dissertation Research: Decomposition and Nutrient Cycling in a Changing Environment: Is Genetic Diversity Redundant to Ecosystem Function?
论文研究:不断变化的环境中的分解和养分循环:遗传多样性对生态系统功能来说是多余的吗?
  • 批准号:
    0104804
  • 财政年份:
    2001
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.45万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Top-Down and Bottom-Up Effects on Herbivores: Nutrient Availabilty and the Trophic Interactions of Insects on Oak
对草食动物的自上而下和自下而上的影响:橡树上的养分利用率和昆虫的营养相互作用
  • 批准号:
    9906366
  • 财政年份:
    1999
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.45万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Career: Environmental Heterogeneity and the Relative Roles of Top-Down and Bottom-Up Forces in Oak Herbivore Communities
职业:环境异质性以及橡树食草动物群落中自上而下和自下而上的力量的相对作用
  • 批准号:
    9527522
  • 财政年份:
    1996
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.45万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
SGER: Short- and Long-Term Effects of Hurricane Opal on a Forest Ecosystem
SGER:飓风蛋白石对森林生态系统的短期和长期影响
  • 批准号:
    9615661
  • 财政年份:
    1996
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.45万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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  • 批准号:
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    10774081
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    2007
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博士论文研究:识别上新世古人类的牙齿形态变异
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    2341308
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  • 批准号:
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