DISSERTATION RESEARCH: The Effects of Elevated Ozone on Global Carbon and Water Cycling Mediated by Plants

论文研究：臭氧浓度升高对植物介导的全球碳和水循环的影响

• 批准号: 1010892
• 负责人: Jed Sparks
• 金额: $ 1.23万
• 依托单位: Cornell University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-07-01 至 2012-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1010892&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DISSERTATION; RESEARCH; Effects; Elevated; Ozone

Plants directly influence climate by controlling the movement of two powerful greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide and water, between the Earth?s surface and the atmosphere through the processes of photosynthesis and transpiration. Ozone (O3), a powerful air pollutant, damages plants such that the regulation of transpiration and photosynthesis is altered ultimately leading to changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide and water concentrations. This project will incorporate experimentally determined effects of O3 on plant photosynthesis and transpiration into a commonly used global climate simulation model developed by the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR). This project will be the first to use a climate model to differentiate between responses of transpiration and photosynthesis to O3 exposure. Incorporating changes in both transpiration and photosynthesis will allow for more accurate representations of future changes to regional and global hydrology and climate. This will improve the predictive power of climate models and the understanding of global scale plant responses to O3. These improved predictions can be used to inform future air pollution and climate policy decisions.

植物通过控制地球表面和大气之间的两种强大温室气体（二氧化碳和水）的运动来直接影响气候。 臭氧（O3）是一种强大的空气污染物，会损害植物，从而改变了蒸腾和光合作用的调节，最终会导致大气中二氧化碳和水浓度的变化。 该项目将纳入O3对植物光合作用和蒸腾作用的实验确定的影响，成为由国家大气研究中心（NCAR）开发的常用的全球气候模拟模型。该项目将是第一个使用气候模型来区分蒸腾作用和对O3暴露的光合作用的反应的项目。 结合蒸腾和光合作用的变化将使未来对区域和全球水文学和气候的变化更准确。 这将提高气候模型的预测能力以及对全球规模植物对O3的反应的理解。 这些改进的预测可用于为未来的空气污染和气候政策决策提供信息。