The Social Dynamics of Early Beothuk-European Relations in Trinity Bay, Newfoundland
纽芬兰三一湾早期贝奥图克与欧洲关系的社会动态
基本信息
- 批准号:1011781
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 3.07万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2010
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2010-05-15 至 2012-04-30
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
In the autumn of 1612, John Guy - the newly appointed Governor of Newfoundland's first official colony (Cuper's Cove) - set sail with fellow colonists into Trinity Bay. Guy hoped to make contact with the native inhabitants of the island, the Beothuk Indians, so as to establish a trading relationship with them. After several days of exploring and visiting unoccupied campsites, Guy's expedition finally encountered a small group of Beothuk on November 6th. Although cautious at first, the Beothuk invited the colonists to share a meal with them and gifts were exchanged. Then the two groups parted ways. The colonists must have been pleased with the meeting and optimistic about their chances for establishing a long term and lucrative trading relationship with the natives, but such relations never developed. Within a decade, the Beothuk had retreated to coastal areas north and west of Trinity Bay; a century later they were living in the interior of the island, having been forced from the coast by European fishing activity, settlement and hostilities; and by the middle of the following century they were gone-the "last of the Beothuk" succumbing to tuberculosis in the city of St. John's in 1829. Guy's meeting with the Beothuk marks the end of a critical, but poorly understood period in Native-European relations on the island. This project hopes to uncover new data that will shed light this period through exploratory archaeological excavations at a newly discovered Beothuk site in Trinity Bay. This site was discovered in the summer of 2009, in a location where Guy is thought to have observed "nine savage houses" just days before his famous meeting with the Beothuk. Test excavations in 2009 at this location yielded Beothuk projectile points in association with modified iron nails, worked ballast flint, bottle glass and ceramics that may date to the late sixteenth century. With support from the National Science Foundation, archaeological field work in 2010 will assess the spatial extent and richness of the site, and establish temporal parameters for the Beothuk occupation. The overall aim is to assess whether the site warrants further investigation. If the site proves to be rich, and indeed dates to the time of Guy's voyage, it stands to make a significant contribution to our understanding of early Native-European relations on the island, and perhaps, offer clues as to why such relations deteriorated in the mid-seventeenth century. On a broader level, this work will offer an archaeological perspective on the earliest chapters of European-Native American history in the New World, and a case study for understanding social dimensions of the European colonization effort. The project will include a small team of scientists and undergraduate students from the United States and Canada. Students will benefit from the opportunity to engage in collaborative research and work as part of an international team. Data obtained during this research will be disseminated to other scholars in the field. This research will also reach a broader audience, as the story of the Beothuk Indians figures prominently in the history of the Province of Newfoundland and Labrador, and Canada. In the event that additional work is warranted, this research could contribute to the further development of historical tourism in the area.
1612年秋天,纽芬兰第一个官方殖民地(库珀湾)的新任总督约翰·盖伊和其他殖民者一起启航进入三一海湾。盖伊希望与岛上的当地居民Beothuk印第安人接触,以便与他们建立贸易关系。经过几天的探索和探访空置的露营地,盖伊的探险队终于在11月6日遇到了一小群Beothuk人。虽然一开始很谨慎,但Beothuk邀请殖民者与他们共进晚餐,并交换了礼物。然后,两组人分道扬镳。殖民者肯定对这次会面感到高兴,并对他们与当地人建立长期和有利可图的贸易关系的机会持乐观态度,但这种关系从未发展起来。不到十年,Beothuk人撤退到三一海湾以北和以西的沿海地区;一个世纪后,由于欧洲的捕鱼活动、定居点和敌对行动,他们被迫离开海岸,居住在该岛的内陆;到下个世纪中叶,他们消失了--1829年,圣约翰市的“最后一批Beothuk人”死于肺结核。盖伊与Beothuk人的会面标志着岛上原住民和欧洲人关系中一个关键但鲜为人知的时期的结束。该项目希望通过在三一海湾新发现的Beothuk遗址进行探索性考古发掘,发现新的数据,从而揭示这一时期的情况。这个遗址是在2009年夏天被发现的,在这个地点,盖伊被认为在他与Beothuk著名的会面前几天观察到了“九所野蛮人的房子”。2009年在该地点进行的试掘发现了Beothuk抛射点,与改良的铁钉、经过加工的压舱石、瓶子玻璃和陶瓷有关,这些可能可以追溯到16世纪末。在国家科学基金会的支持下,2010年的考古实地工作将评估该遗址的空间范围和丰富度,并确定贝苏克占领的时间参数。总体目标是评估该地点是否需要进一步调查。如果该遗址被证明是丰富的,并且确实可以追溯到盖伊航行的时间,它将对我们理解岛上早期的土著与欧洲人的关系做出重大贡献,并可能为这种关系在17世纪中期恶化的原因提供线索。在更广泛的层面上,这项工作将提供一个考古角度的欧洲-美洲原住民历史在新世界的早期章节,并提供一个案例研究,以了解欧洲殖民努力的社会层面。该项目将包括一个由来自美国和加拿大的科学家和本科生组成的小团队。学生将受益于参与合作研究的机会,并作为国际团队的一部分工作。在这项研究中获得的数据将传播给该领域的其他学者。这项研究也将接触到更广泛的受众,因为Beothuk印第安人的故事在纽芬兰、拉布拉多省和加拿大的历史上占有突出地位。如果需要进一步的工作,这项研究将有助于该地区历史旅游的进一步发展。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Donald Holly其他文献
Donald Holly的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Donald Holly', 18)}}的其他基金
Collaborative Research: The Initial Peopling and Settlement of Eastern Newfoundland
合作研究:纽芬兰东部的最初人口和定居点
- 批准号:
1522977 - 财政年份:2016
- 资助金额:
$ 3.07万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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