Nanostructured ceramic membranes with tailored functionalization and geometry for virus filtration

具有定制功能和几何形状的纳米结构陶瓷膜，用于病毒过滤

• 批准号: 197658935
• 负责人: Dr. Stephen Kroll
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Fachgebiet Keramische Werkstoffe und Bauteile
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2010-12-31 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/197658935?language=en
• 关键词: Nanostructured; ceramic; membranes; tailored; functionalization

The aim of this research project is to fabricate a high-performance and highly efficient ceramic filter with tailored functionalization and special geometry for virus filtration.Within the scope of this project, ceramic capillary membranes based on yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) are fabricated by extrusion. To adjust the interparticle pore size of the membrane, initial YSZ powders with different primary particle size are used where increased YSZ particle sizes lead to increased membrane pore sizes. The utilization of YSZ particles with primary particle sizes in the range between ~30-600 nm results in membranes with average pore sizes in the upper mesoporous (30-50 nm) and lower macroporous range (50-500 nm), respectively, providing ultra- and microfiltration membranes. In accordance with an increase of the interparticle pore size of the membrane, the permeate flux is significantly increased during virus filtration. To realize a high virus-retention efficiency, a log reduction value of at least 4 (LRV > 4) has to be ensured which corresponds to a virus reduction of 99.99 %.Based on this physical barrier mediated by the membrane pores, convenient membrane fuctionalization strategies are developed to ensure a charge-dependent virus adsorption on the membrane surface. Isoelectric points (IEPs) of viruses are found in the pH range from around 3.5 to 7 and therefore, viruses are negatively charged in contaminated water samples at neutral pH conditions. Consequently, viruses can be adsorbed by positively charged membranes featuring IEPs > 7. For generation of electropositive membranes the inert ceramic membranes in the sintered state are firstly activated by hydroxylation followed by an aminosilanization. Based on such amino-functionalized and positively charged filter surfaces, a regenerative virus filter is provided and saturated filter elements can easily be cleaned by pH-shift and subsequent washing (adsorption-elution method).In addition to the functionalized capillary membranes, membranes for virus filtration showing a special geometry in form of a meander-shaped and helical-shaped orientation are fabricated by extrusion. Compared to conventional linear capillary membranes, meander- and helical-shaped membranes can generate turbulent flows in the inner channel of the capillary based on given pitch (windings per unit length) and bending (meander width and helix diameter, respectively) of the ceramic matrix. Because of the resulting turbulence, pore clogging and membrane fouling can be reduced during virus filtration.

本研究项目的目的是制作一种高性能、高效率的陶瓷过滤器，该过滤器具有定制的功能化和特殊的几何结构，用于病毒过滤。在该项目的范围内，采用挤压法制备了氧化钇稳定的氧化锆基陶瓷毛细管膜。为了调整膜的颗粒间孔径，使用不同一次颗粒尺寸的初始YSZ粉末，其中YSZ颗粒尺寸的增加会导致膜孔尺寸的增大。使用初级粒径在~30-600 nm之间的YSZ颗粒可以得到平均孔径在中孔上部(30-50 nm)和大孔范围较低(50-500 nm)的膜，从而提供超滤膜和微滤膜。随着膜颗粒间孔径的增大，病毒过滤过程中的渗透通量显著增加。为了实现高的病毒截留效率，必须确保对数减少量至少为4(LRV&GT；4)，这相当于99.99%的病毒减少量。基于这种由膜孔介导的物理屏障，方便的膜功能化策略被开发出来，以确保膜表面的电荷依赖的病毒吸附。病毒的等电点(IEP)在pH约3.5至7的范围内被发现，因此，在中性pH条件下，受污染的水样中的病毒带负电荷。因此，病毒可以被具有IEPs&gt；7特征的正电膜吸附。为了产生正电膜，首先通过羟基化活化处于烧结态的惰性陶瓷膜，然后再进行氨基硅烷化。基于这种氨基功能化和带正电的过滤器表面，提供了一种再生病毒过滤器，可以通过pH变化和随后的洗涤(吸附-洗脱法)轻松地清洗饱和的过滤器元件。除了功能化的毛细管膜外，还通过挤压制备了具有弯曲和螺旋取向的特殊几何形状的病毒过滤膜。与传统的直线型毛细管膜相比，基于给定螺距(单位长度的绕组)和弯曲(弯曲宽度和螺旋直径)的陶瓷基质，曲线型和螺旋型毛细管膜可以在毛细管内通道内产生湍流流动。由于产生的湍流，在病毒过滤过程中可以减少毛孔堵塞和膜污染。