SBIR Phase I: Overcoming the Recalcitrance of Cellulose

SBIR 第一阶段：克服纤维素的顽固性

• 批准号: 1013497
• 负责人: Rajai Atalla
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Cellulose Sciences International
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-07-01 至 2011-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1013497&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBIR; Phase; Overcoming; Recalcitrance; Cellulose

This SBIR Phase I project will test and develop the concept of enhancing the conversion of cellulose to glucose by providing the accessibility of the enzymes to the cellulose fibers at the nanoscale level. The project addresses a serious deficiency that currently exists in bio-fuels production from cellulose-based biomass. The goal is to increase the disaggregation of cellulose and starch so that it can be subsequently degraded using enzymes to a greater degree than presently possible. This "pre-treatment" process will allow enhanced conversion of starch and cellulose to simple sugars and allow for higher rates of anaerobic methane production.The broader/commercial impact of the project will include creation of a pre-treatment approach leading to the ability to overcome a current limitation in the biodegradation and conversion of cellulose and starch (biomass) to bio-fuels. This could make bio-fuels more available in the longer term using a wider variety of residual biomass as feed stocks. It is likely that glucose from cellulose would become economically competitive with corn starch based glucose for production of bio-fuels, both ethanol and higher alcohols. This technology could produce cellulosic bio-fuels with an incubation time comparable to current starch-based production methods.

这个SBIR I期项目将通过在纳米级水平上提供酶对纤维素纤维的可及性来测试和开发增强纤维素转化为葡萄糖的概念。 该项目解决了基于纤维素的生物质生物燃料生产中目前存在的严重缺陷。 目的是增加纤维素和淀粉的分解，以便随后使用酶降解比目前可能更大的程度。 这种“预处理”过程将使淀粉和纤维素转化为简单糖，并允许厌氧甲烷产生的速率更高。该项目的更广泛/商业影响将包括创建一种预处理方法，从而能够克服当前在生物降解和纤维素和淀粉（Bioomass）的生物降解和转化的限制。 从长远来看，使用多种残留生物质作为饲料库存，这可能会使生物燃料在长期的长远来看。 纤维素中的葡萄糖可能会在经济上与玉米淀粉的葡萄糖在经济上具有竞争力，用于生产乙醇和较高醇的生物燃料。 这项技术可以产生与当前基于淀粉的生产方法相当的孵育时间的纤维素生物燃料。