A new helicopter-borne measurement system for high resolution aerosol measurements in the lower atmosphere - Part 2, application to atmospheric measurements

气溶胶粒子的形成在大气中是普遍存在的。它可以导致大量的超细颗粒（直径。< 20 nm），可以通过凝结生长成云凝结核。这些云凝结核决定了云的性质，从而决定了它们对气候的影响。然而，我们目前对粒子形成过程的知识是有限的，主要是由于技术原因，在本申请中，我们提出了一个机载气溶胶测量系统的发展和应用，研究粒子形成事件在低层大气（h < 3公里）。为了解析这类事件的精细结构和分析气溶胶粒子的平衡方程，需要一个快速的测量系统（> 10 Hz）。因此，我们将研制一种新型的混合式凝结粒子计数器，它将是新的气溶胶测量系统的核心部分。整个亚微米颗粒尺寸分布和湍流参数的快速测量将有助于数据解释。有了新的系统，粒子形成事件所造成的混合过程在小尺度上的逆温层在无云大气以及云的边缘可以进行详细的调查，为第一次。

Aerosol particle formation is ubiquitous in the atmosphere. It can lead to large numbers of ultrafine particles (diam. < 20 nm) which can grow by condensation to cloud condensation nuclei. These cloud condensation nuclei determine the properties of clouds and hence their climate impact. However, our current knowledge about particle formation processes is limited, mainly for technical reasons.In this application, we propose the development and application of a helicopter-borne aerosol measurement system to study particle formation events in the lower atmosphere (h < 3 km). In order to resolve the fine structures of such events and to analyze the balance equation of the aerosol particles, a fast measurement system (> 10 Hz) is needed. Therefore, we will develop a new mixing-type condensation particle counter, which will be the central part of the new aerosol measurement system. Fast measurements of the whole submicrometer particle size distribution and turbulence parameters will assist the data interpretation. With the new system, particle formation events caused by mixing processes on small scales at inversion layers in the cloud-free atmosphere as well as on cloud edges can be investigated for the first time in detail.