A new helicopter-borne measurement system for high resolution aerosol measurements in the lower atmosphere - Part 2, application to atmospheric measurements

大气中气溶胶粒子的形成无处不在。它会导致大量的超细颗粒(直径。&lt；20 nm)，它可以通过凝结成云凝结核而生长。这些云凝结核决定了云的性质，从而决定了它们对气候的影响。然而，我们目前对颗粒物形成过程的了解有限，主要是由于技术原因。在这一应用中，我们提出了一种直升机载气溶胶测量系统的开发和应用，以研究低层大气(h&lt；3公里)的颗粒物形成事件。为了解决这类事件的精细结构和分析气溶胶粒子的平衡方程，需要一个快速测量系统(&gt；10赫兹)。因此，我们将开发一种新型混合型凝结粒子计数器，它将成为新的气溶胶测量系统的核心部分。整个亚微米颗粒尺寸分布和湍流参数的快速测量将有助于数据解释。利用这一新系统，首次详细研究了无云大气中逆温层和云边缘小尺度混合过程引起的粒子形成事件。

Aerosol particle formation is ubiquitous in the atmosphere. It can lead to large numbers of ultrafine particles (diam. < 20 nm) which can grow by condensation to cloud condensation nuclei. These cloud condensation nuclei determine the properties of clouds and hence their climate impact. However, our current knowledge about particle formation processes is limited, mainly for technical reasons.In this application, we propose the development and application of a helicopter-borne aerosol measurement system to study particle formation events in the lower atmosphere (h < 3 km). In order to resolve the fine structures of such events and to analyze the balance equation of the aerosol particles, a fast measurement system (> 10 Hz) is needed. Therefore, we will develop a new mixing-type condensation particle counter, which will be the central part of the new aerosol measurement system. Fast measurements of the whole submicrometer particle size distribution and turbulence parameters will assist the data interpretation. With the new system, particle formation events caused by mixing processes on small scales at inversion layers in the cloud-free atmosphere as well as on cloud edges can be investigated for the first time in detail.