RAPID: Pokeweed Antiviral Protein: Seasonal and Compartmental Variants and Effects of Pathogens on Variant Production

智力价值：这项研究的长期目标是了解植物抗病原体的策略。核糖体失活蛋白(RIPs)与植物防御有关，存在于多种植物、真菌和细菌中。它们具有广泛的抗病原体特性，包括抗病毒活性。美洲商陆抗病毒蛋白(PAP)是一种I型RIP，通过净化大核糖体RNA的sarcin/ricin环来抑制蛋白质的合成。最近的研究表明，PAP还可以提纯mRNA，与m7G帽结合，并与翻译启动因子相互作用。PAP在整个商陆中以不同的异构体和植物的不同隔室表达。同源和/或异源二聚体在一定条件下的形成促使齐聚反应受到各种病原体或应激源的影响。PAP相互作用、异构体和聚合物的功能后果还没有被很好地理解。这个快速研究项目将描述PAP的各种异构体和寡聚体的特征：(1)在植物生长周期的不同阶段，来自植物的不同组织/隔室(例如，叶、根、茎、浆果)，以及(2)对各种病原体和/或逆境的反应。这是一个时间敏感的项目，受到植物生命周期以及与纽约市中央公园保护协会达成的在即将到来的2010年生长季收获商陆植物组织的协议的限制。更广泛的影响：该项目将主要由学生实施，包括为纽约州立大学约翰·杰学院的学生提供在科罗拉多州立大学Jorge Vivanco博士的实验室工作的暑期研究培训机会。参加暑期体验的机会将为学生提供多种生化、生物物理和植物生物学技术的出色培训。此外，由于约翰·杰伊学院主要是一所本科院校，人口主要是少数族裔和女性，这种快速的活动将增加这些人数不足的人攻读研究生学位并作为独立研究人员继续从事科学研究的可能性。此外，该项目将有助于在Friedland和Vivanco实验室及其学生之间为今后的工作建立强有力的合作。通过合作，科学影响从目前的RIPs知识延伸到更深层次的量化理解，并延伸到植物根际生物学领域。

Intellectual Merit: The long term goal of this research is to understand plant anti-pathogen strategies. Ribosome inactivating proteins (RIPs) are linked to plant defense and are found in numerous plant, fungal, and bacterial species. They have a broad spectrum of anti-pathogen properties including antiviral activity. Pokeweed antiviral protein (PAP), found in American pokeweed, is a type I RIP and inhibits protein synthesis by depurinating the sarcin/ricin loop of the large ribosomal RNA. Recent evidence shows that PAP can also depurinate mRNA, bind to m7G caps of mRNA, and interact with translation initiation factors. PAP is expressed in different isoforms and in different compartments of the plant throughout the pokeweed. Formation of homo- and/or hetero-dimers under some conditions has prompted the oligomerization is influenced exposure to various pathogens or stressors. The functional consequences of PAP interactions, isomers, and polymers are not well-understood. This RAPID research project will characterize the various isoforms and oligomeric forms of PAP(1)at various stages in the plants growth cycle, from various tissues/compartments of the plant (e.g. leaves, roots, stems, berries), and(2)in response to exposure to various pathogens and/or stressors. This is a time-sensitive project restricted by the life cycle of the plant and by an agreement with the New York City Central Park Conservancy to harvest pokeweed plant tissues during the upcoming 2010 growing season. Broader Impacts: This project, which will be carried out primarily by students, includes a summer research training opportunity for students from John Jay College, CUNY to work in the laboratory of Dr. Jorge Vivanco at Colorado State University. The opportunity to participate in the summer experience will provide students with excellent training in multiple biochemical, biophysical, and plant biology techniques. Also, because John Jay College is a primarily undergraduate institution with a population that is largely minority and female, this RAPID activity will increase the likelihood that these underrepresented individuals will pursue postgraduate degrees and continue in science as independent investigators. Moreover, this project will help forge a robust collaboration for future work between the Friedland and Vivanco laboratories and their students. Through collaboration, the scientific impact extend from current knowledge of RIPs to a deeper quantitative understanding and to the plant rhizosphere biology field.