The Greenland GPS Network (GNET): Geodetic constraints on climate cycles, climate change and ice mass balance in Greenland

格陵兰 GPS 网络 (GNET)：格陵兰气候周期、气候变化和冰量平衡的大地测量限制

• 批准号: 1023566
• 负责人: Michael Bevis
• 金额: $ 44万
• 依托单位: Ohio State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2012-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1023566&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Greenland; GPS; Network; GNET; Geodetic

This 1-year award will support initial maintenance and upgrade of the Greenland GPS Network (GNET) that was originally installed during International Polar Year 2007-2009. Maintenance and upgrade activities in summer 2011 will focus on installations along the southeast coast of Greenland and along the west coast facing Baffin Bay.Intellectual Merit: The primary purpose of GNET is to study changes in ice sheet mass balance produced by climate cycles and climate change, and to provide observational constraints on models of glacial isostatic adjustment, often referred to as postglacial rebound (PGR), which provide the crucial 'PGR correction' for the GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) satellite mission and any follow-on missions. The goal is to achieve a consistent set of gravity, displacement and ice mass histories with the highest possible spatial resolution. GNET will also contribute meteorological estimates of surface mass balance (SMB) by generating precipitable water (PW, i.e., integrated water vapor) solutions at all GPS (Global Positioning System) stations that can be assimilated and exploited using numerical weather models (NWM). Surface atmospheric pressure fields from high resolution NWMs will be used to correct the GPS time series for atmospheric loading effects, thereby isolating the displacement cycles associated with seasonal changes in ice mass. Broader Impacts: GNET is an international collaboration between a US team, led by Ohio State University, and international partners in Denmark and Luxembourg. It is expected that GNET will contribute to understanding of the globally significant issues of climate and sea level change, and will be able to detect the onset of runaway or catastrophic ice loss within weeks of a sudden onset. A collaboration between GNET and the NWM community could have a significant impact on general meteorological products. It is also expected that GNET will contribute to studies of the polar ionosphere, and can synergize with existing space physics networks and facilities in Greenland and northern Canada. GNET will be used as a general positioning infrastructure, for kinematic positioning of survey aircraft, GPS rovers embedded in ice flows, etc. GNET is becoming a multiple use instrument or facility, as well as a specific research project.

这项为期一年的奖励将用于支持最初在2007-2009国际极地年期间安装的格陵兰全球定位系统网络（GNET）的初始维护和升级。2011年夏季的维护和升级活动将侧重于格陵兰岛东南海岸沿着和面向巴芬湾的西海岸沿着的设施。GNET的主要目的是研究气候周期和气候变化引起的冰盖质量平衡的变化，并为冰川均衡调整模型提供观测约束，通常称为冰后反弹（PGR），它为GRACE（重力恢复和气候实验）卫星使命和任何后续任务提供关键的“PGR校正”。目标是以尽可能高的空间分辨率获得一组一致的重力、位移和冰质量历史。GNET还将通过生成可降水（PW，即，在所有GPS（全球定位系统）站，可以同化和利用数值天气模型（NWM）的综合水汽）的解决方案。来自高分辨率NWM的地面大气压力场将用于校正大气载荷效应的GPS时间序列，从而隔离与冰量季节性变化相关的位移周期。更广泛的影响：GNET是由俄亥俄州州立大学领导的美国团队与丹麦和卢森堡的国际合作伙伴之间的国际合作。预计GNET将有助于了解气候和海平面变化的全球重大问题，并将能够在突然发生的几周内检测失控或灾难性冰损失的开始。GNET和NWM社区之间的合作可能对一般气象产品产生重大影响。还预计全球电离层网络将有助于极地电离层研究，并可与格陵兰和加拿大北方的现有空间物理网络和设施协同增效。GNET将被用作一般定位基础设施，用于测量飞机、嵌入冰流中的全球定位系统漫游车等的动态定位。GNET正在成为一种多用途仪器或设施，以及一个具体的研究项目。