Fisheries Privatization, Sociocultural Transitions, and Well-Being in Kodiak, Alaska

阿拉斯加科迪亚克的渔业私有化、社会文化转型和福祉

• 批准号: 1023619
• 负责人: Courtney Carothers
• 金额: $ 25.68万
• 依托单位: University of Alaska Fairbanks Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-15 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1023619&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Fisheries; Privatization; Sociocultural; Transitions; Well

Scholars and fishermen alike view the privatization of fishing rights as a fundamental driver of change in fishing livelihoods and communities. Expanding upon ethnographic research conducted in rural fishing communities in the Gulf of Alaska, this project explores the social and cultural shifts linked to the privatization of fishing rights in the diverse fishing community of Kodiak, Alaska. This study has three primary objectives: 1) to understand how the privatization of fishing rights has been experienced across diverse human groups that participate in fishery systems, 2) to explore the relative importance and magnitude of the impacts of fisheries privatization compared with other ecological, economic, and technological drivers of change, and 3) to assess the relationship between the social and cultural shifts linked to fishery privatization and individual and community well-being.This ethnographic study, employing mixed methods of interviews, surveys, participant observation and archival research, will provide rich qualitative and systematic quantitative data to assess how regulatory and related changes affect the social and cultural dimensions of fishery systems and fishing communities. The research framework joins scholarship in political ecology, social-ecological systems, and the anthropology of fishing communities to provide key analytical insights into the relationship between the enclosure of resources and changing nature-society relationships. The research findings will have broad applicability to understanding transitions in fishing communities in the Gulf of Alaska, Bering Sea, and throughout the Circumpolar North. This study also informs resource policy development. As fishery economists, managers, environmental groups, and popular media sources increasingly advocate for the widespread privatization of marine resources, the social and cultural implications of these transitions need to be explored and documented. The results of this study will have practical application in understanding how to develop new adaptive models of institutional and ecological management that will provide for the resilience of fishing-dependent communities. Shifts to ecosystem-based marine governance call for increased attention to the ways in which individual and community health and well-being and general concerns of social justice are addressed in policy development. The research will provide insights on how the diversity of livelihoods and values can be better accounted for in resource management policy in the arctic, sub-arctic and beyond.

学者和渔民都将捕鱼权私有化视为渔业生计和社区变革的根本驱动力。该项目扩展了在阿拉斯加湾农村捕鱼社区进行的人种学研究，探讨了与阿拉斯加科迪亚克多元化捕鱼社区的捕鱼权私有化相关的社会和文化转变。本研究有三个主要目标：1) 了解参与渔业系统的不同人群如何经历捕鱼权私有化，2) 探讨与其他生态、经济和技术变革驱动因素相比，渔业私有化影响的相对重要性和程度，以及 3) 评估与渔业私有化相关的社会和文化变迁与个人和社区福祉之间的关系。这项民族志研究采用混合方法 访谈、调查、参与观察和档案研究将提供丰富的定性和系统定量数据，以评估监管和相关变化如何影响渔业系统和渔业社区的社会和文化层面。该研究框架结合了政治生态学、社会生态系统和渔业社区人类学方面的学术成果，为资源圈地与不断变化的自然社会关系之间的关系提供了关键的分析见解。研究结果将广泛适用于了解阿拉斯加湾、白令海和整个北极圈渔业社区的转变。这项研究还为资源政策的制定提供信息。随着渔业经济学家、管理者、环保组织和大众媒体越来越多地主张海洋资源的广泛私有化，需要探索和记录这些转变的社会和文化影响。这项研究的结果将在了解如何开发新的制度和生态管理适应性模型方面具有实际应用，从而为依赖渔业的社区提供恢复力。向基于生态系统的海洋治理的转变要求更多地关注在政策制定中解决个人和社区健康和福祉以及社会正义的普遍关切的方式。该研究将为如何在北极、亚北极及其他地区的资源管理政策中更好地考虑生计和价值观的多样性提供见解。