Collaborative Research: Sea Ice Deformation Observation with an AON

pi一致认为，目前GPS浮标的覆盖范围不足以监测整个北极的海冰变形。ARGOS定位目前在大多数浮标上使用，无法解决冰漂移对惯性波、潮汐强迫和短期天气事件的响应。由于使用ARGOS定位导致的速度和应变率误差导致冰变形的错误表示？S对冰厚分布的影响。他们认为有一个非常简单的方法来解决这个问题——部署配备GPS的浮标。PIs提出了将国际北极浮标计划（IABP）浮标网络转换为GPS定位的方法，并提供了适度的启动资金来实施这一示范。他们预计，改进后的IABP网络将在亚日至季节时间尺度上对泛北极地区的区域冰变形变化进行监测。将开发海冰变形产品供公众传播，从而改进对冰厚分布的区域估计，监测开阔水域的比例，基本上协助监测北极的海洋-大气通量。他们建议部署浮标来补充自动漂流站（ads）。在这些站点进行了多年冰质量平衡、海洋通量、海洋剖面和气象学的局部测量。了解ADS附近的地表通量和冰质量平衡需要了解当地冰厚度分布的演变。他们认为目前尚不清楚局部冰盖的哪个区域会影响ADS测量的能量收支，他们计划在ADS周围部署局部GPS变形阵列，以确定监测所需的空间尺度，从而全面了解ADS附近冰动力学和热力学如何影响海洋-冰-大气界面的能量收支。

The PIs coherently argue that current coverage of GPS enabled buoys is insufficient to monitor the Arctic-wide sea ice deformation. ARGOS positioning is currently used on most buoys and is unable to resolve ice drift response to inertial wave, tidal forcing and short-term weather events. Velocity and strain-rate errors consequent to the use of ARGOS positioning result in misrepresentation of ice deformation?s impact on the ice thickness distribution. They argue that there is a very simple fix to this problem - deploying GPS equipped buoys. The PIs present a way forward to convert the International Arctic Buoy Program (IABP) buoy network to GPS positioning, and are provided modest start-up funds to implement a demonstration of this. They anticipate that the improved IABP network will provide pan-Arctic monitoring of regional ice deformation variability on sub-daily to seasonal time scales. Sea ice deformation products will be developed for public dissemination, enabling regional estimates of ice thickness distribution to be improved and open water fraction monitored, essentially assisting in the monitoring of ocean-atmosphere fluxes in the Arctic. They propose buoy deployments to complement Automated Drifting Stations (ADSs). At these stations localized measurements of multi-year ice mass balance, ocean fluxes, ocean profiles and meteorology are made. Understanding surface fluxes and ice mass balance in the ADS vicinity requires an understanding of the evolution of the local ice thickness distribution. Arguing that it currently is unknown what area of local ice pack affects the energy budget measured at the ADS, they plan to deploy local GPS deformation arrays around ADSs with a view to determining the spatial scale necessary to monitor in order to provide a full picture of how both ice dynamics and thermodynamics impact the energy budget at the ocean-ice- atmosphere interface in the vicinity of the ADS.